Amber snails
| Amber snails | ||||||||||||
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Common amber snail ( Succinea putris ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the superfamily | ||||||||||||
| Succineoid | ||||||||||||
| Beck , 1837 | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the family | ||||||||||||
| Succineidae | ||||||||||||
| Beck , 1837 |
The amber snails (Succineidae) are a family from the suborder of the land snails (Stylommatophora). In most species, the body can no longer be fully withdrawn into the housing. The amber snails are the only succineoid family.
features
The cases are right-handed, moderately high and usually only have a few turns. The last turn is greatly enlarged. The skin is thin, shiny and often translucent. The animals can no longer withdraw into the housing. In some genera, the shell is almost completely reduced and the animals have become half-nudibranchs or slugs. The lower pair of sensors is greatly reduced. The animals are hermaphrodites that usually mate with each other. But self-fertilization can also occur. More than 100 eggs can be laid in several clutches. The development time is strongly dependent on the temperature and is usually one to two weeks. The animals can live up to two years.
Occurrence and way of life
The family is spread around the world. Amber snails are mainly found in the banks of rivers and lakes. Some species also live in the dune areas of the sea coasts.
Systematics
The amber snail family is the only family in the superfamily Succinoidea. It is subdivided into the two to three subfamilies Succineinae, Oxylomatinae and Catinellinae:
- Subfamily Succineinae Beck, 1837
- Genus Succinea Draparnaud, 1801 (with the subgenera S. (Succinea) Draparnaud, 1801, S. (Novisuccinea) Pilsbry, 1948, S. (Calcisuccinea) Pilsbry, 1948, S. (Desmosuccinea) Webb, 1954, S. (Heysuccinea) Webb, 1953, S. (Helisiga) Lesson, 1831 and? S. (Brachyspira) L. Pfeiffer, 1855)
- Genus Succinella Mabille, 1871
- Genus Boninosuccinea Habe, 1956
- Genus Camptonyx Benson, 1858
- Genus Helisiga Lesson, 1831
- Genus Hyalimax H. Adams & A. Adams, 1855 (with the subgenera H. (Hyalimax) Adams & Adams, 1855 and H. (Jarava) Godwin-Austen, 1882)
- Genus Laxisuccinea Cooke, 1921
- Genus Lithotis Blanford, 1863
- Genus Neosuccinea Matekin, 1956
- Genus Omalonyx d'Orbigny, 1841 (with two subgenera: O. (Omalonyx) d'Orbigny, 1837 and O. (Neohyalimax) Simroth, 1896)
- Genus Pamirsuccinea Schileyko & Likharev, 1986
- Subfamily Oxylomatinae Schileyko & Likharev, 1986
- Genus Oxyloma Westerlund, 1887 (with three subgenera O. (Oxyloma) Westerlund, 1885, O. (Neoxyloma) Pilsbry, 1948 and O. (Succinoides) Schileyko, 1967)
- Genus? Papyrotheca Brusina, 1893
- Subfamily Catinellinae Odhner, 1950
- Genus Catinella Pease, 1870
- Genus Indosuccinea Rao, 1924
- Genus Mediappendix Pilsbry, 1948
- Genus Quickella O. Boettger, 1939
- Genus Quickia Odhner, 1950 (with the subgenera Q. (Quickia) Odhner, 1950 and Q. (Burchella) Patterson, 1970)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Bouchet and Rocroi only recognize Succeinae and Catinellinae
literature
- Philippe Bouchet & Jean-Pierre Rocroi: Part 2. Working classification of the Gastropoda . Malacologia, 47: 239-283, Ann Arbor 2005, ISSN 0076-2997 .
- Rosina Fechter and Gerhard Falkner: molluscs. 287 pp., Mosaik-Verlag, Munich 1990 (Steinbach's Nature Guide 10) ISBN 3-570-03414-3
- Michael P. Kerney, RAD Cameron & Jürgen H. Jungbluth: The land snails of Northern and Central Europe. 384 pp., Paul Parey, Hamburg & Berlin 1983, ISBN 3-490-17918-8
- Anatolij A. Schileyko: Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs, Part 15 Oopeltidae, Anadenidae, Arionidae, Philomycidae, Succineidae, Athoracophoridae. Ruthenica, Supplement 2: 2049-2210, Moscow 2007 ISSN 0136-0027
