Black P. Stones
The Almighty Black P. Stone Nation , also known as Almighty Black P. Stone Nation (abbreviated BPS or BPSN ), is originally from Chicago native street gang , which is active in 20 US states today. In the mid-1980s, the gang operated under the name EL RUKN and functioned as an Islamist terrorist organization supported by Muammar al-Gaddafi .
organization structure
The Black P. Stones are now active in 20 states. Overall, their number was estimated at 6,000 to 8,000 people in 2003, with Chicago already having 3,000 to 5,000 members. The age range is between 10 and 40 years. The gang's colors have been red, black and green since the 1960s. A pyramid was chosen as the symbol , which should indicate the African origin of the gang members. Even today, Muslim symbols, such as the lettering, are Arabic الله(for Allah ), the crescent moon or the " seven ". There are three possible tests to join the gang: an armed robbery, a drive-by shoot or a so-called beat-in, which usually takes several minutes to hit the newcomer.
Chicago
The gang was founded by Jeff Fort and Eugene "Bull" Hairston, two former opponents, and comprised the two predecessor organizations "Black Stone Raiders" by Hairston and an unnamed gang from Fort. The two gangs merged to form the Black Stone Rangers and were able to merge increase rapidly in the 1960s. At the beginning they tried to join the civil rights movement in Chicago and under the influence of Reverend John Fry they started to get involved in a social job training . With the growing influence of the gang, the company began to expand on a larger scale and founded the "Main 21", a kind of umbrella organization of various Afro-American gangs from Chicago. The name was finally changed to Black P. Stones, whereby the "P" had several meanings, including "Peace" and "Power".
On June 6, 1966, Hairston was imprisoned and Fort took over the leadership of the group. In the late 1960s, the gang was the most powerful group in Chicago, fighting the Disciple Nation and the Gangster Nation. The Black Panther Party also became enemies, but it gave way to the Stones and did not operate in the area of the gang. Despite their barely disguised criminal activities, the group gave itself a social appearance and was able to acquire government funds. Fort was even invited to the inauguration of President Richard Nixon . It was not until 1968 that the government noticed irregularities and began investigations into the gang, which ultimately led to the arrest of the main members in 1972. The gang passed on from the prison. Hairston, who was also re-imprisoned, lost influence in the meantime. When he was released in 1975, Fort supporters shot him down in the street. He survived but moved to north Chicago and continued another set of the gang there.
John Fort was released in 1978 and had meanwhile turned to the Muslim faith. He renamed the gang El RUKN. The realigned gang quickly advanced to the top of the Chicago gangs and controlled the Chicago drug trade. They also had their own mosque , a converted cinema. The gang worked with the Gaddafi regime in Libya . Several terrorist attacks were planned under the name "RUKBOM" , which should hit the United States. For this, Libya agreed to pay 2.5 million US dollars and organize a hiding place in Tripoli . Fort was arrested beforehand, however, and sentenced to a total of 155 years imprisonment for terrorist conspiracies, as well as murder. Without Fort's influence, the gang changed their name back to Black P. Stones. Fort is now sitting in a solitary cell in a maximum security prison in Marion, Illinois .
The Black P. Stones have been part of the People Nation in Chicago since the 1990s .
los Angeles
As early as 1969, a chapter of the gang was founded in the Baldwin Village district of Los Angeles , which is also known as "Jungle". She is part of the Bloods gang there and is mainly involved in drug trafficking. The Black P. Stones are one of the ten biggest gangs in Los Angeles. For 2011 the number of members was documented as 894. That year, 75 members of the gang were also arrested for violating the Narcotics Act. In 2006, 17 gang members were convicted under federal law.
Individual evidence
- ^ A b National Drug Intelligence Center (Ed.): Drugs and Crime Gang Profile: Black Peace Stone Nation . August 2003, p. 4 ( cryptome.org [PDF]).
- ↑ a b c d e Gangland , Season 1, Episode 7: Stone to the Bone , 2007
- ↑ a b c ZOOK: Almighty Black P-Stones. chicagogangs.org, accessed February 17, 2012 .
- ↑ Federal Bureau of Investigation Los Angeles: Seventy-Five Members and Associates of the Black P-Stones Street Gang Charged with Narcotics Violations in Task Force Investigation and Community-Focused Initiative Known as "Operation Red Dawn". May 19, 2011. Retrieved February 17, 2012 .