Bogdanowka (camp)

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Coordinates: 47 ° 48 '48 "  N , 31 ° 9' 23"  O Bogdanowka (Bogdanovca) was a death camp for Jews , which in the Second World War by the authorities of Romanian occupation area Transnistrien in the field of today's oblast Mykolajiw in the Ukraine , near of the southern Bug near the present-day village of Bohdaniwka was built. Other extermination sites in Transnistria were Domanewka and Akhmetchetka (also Akhmetchotka, Akmetschetka or Akhmetchetka).

At the end of 1941, 54,000 Jews were imprisoned in Bogdanowka. About 48,000 had been deported from Odessa after the Odessa massacre , the rest came from Bessarabia . In mid-December 1941, in connection with the outbreak of a typhus epidemic, it was decided to murder all prisoners. Romanian soldiers , Ukrainian policemen and local ethnic Germans began the mass murder on December 21, 1941. About 5,000 sick people were burned alive in barns and stables, while others had to dig pits in the icy earth with their bare hands and pile the corpses where they were later killed themselves.

The remaining prisoners were led in columns of 300–400 people into a nearby forest, where they had to undress and then were killed with hand grenades or shots in the neck . 30,000 people, including women and children, were killed in this way over the course of four days. The rest were left to freeze to death.

By December 31, all but 200 members of a work detail had been murdered. The work detail was ordered to remove the traces of the massacre and to burn the corpses. This work lasted until February 1942, with another 150 Jewish workers dying of cold, starvation and exhaustion or being shot by the Ukrainian guards.

After the liberation by the Red Army in 1945, those responsible for the massacre were brought to court in the first trial against Romanian war criminals and sentenced to death . The death sentences were later commuted to life sentences.

literature

  • Encyclopedia of the Holocaust. The persecution and murder of the European Jews. sv Bogdanowka
  • M. Carp, Transnistria , in: Cartea Neagrä . III, Bucharest 1947.
  • A Shachan, Ba-kefor ha-lohet. Geta'lot Transnistriah Tel Aviv 1988.

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