Borouth

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Borouth or Boruth ( Slov. Borut, the fighter ) was in the 8th century from about 740 to 750 the first named Carantan Slavic prince.

Life and meaning

Carantania at the time of Charlemagne

Borouth is likely to have established itself as the ruler of the Slovenian carantans at the beginning of the 8th century . When the area, which included parts of today's Carinthia and Styria , as well as possibly small sections of Slovenia, was repeatedly threatened by the Avars, he was forced to ask Duke Odilo of Bavaria for help around 740 . Duke Odilo granted appropriate help, but only against recognition of the sovereignty of Bavaria and thus of the Frankish Empire and the acceptance of the Christian faith. Odilo then founded various dioceses a. a. In 739/740 the diocese of Salzburg became the seat of the missionary bishop Virgilius from 745 onwards .

As a result, Borouth, his son Cacatius (Slov. Gorazd) and from 752 to 769 his nephew Cheitumar (Slov. Hotimir) ruled as Frankish vassals. He had Cacatius and Cheitumar brought to Salzburg as hostages and raised them to be Christian. After Cheitumar came to power in 752, he asked Virgilius for help in setting up a diocese for the Christianization of the country. In addition to the prince's spiritual advisor, Maioranus, the choir bishop Modestus was sent to Carantania in 757 . A church in Marienkirche (Maria Saal) as Sankt Maria ad Carantanum is first mentioned for 860.

As a result, Modestus died after 767 (inauguration of the church in Maria Saal ) and Cheitumar in 769, which brought the missionary movement to a standstill. Valhun tried to establish himself as the successor in the tradition of rule. The pagan Slavs organized several revolts and only in 772 could Duke Tassilo III. intervene militarily and use Valhun as ruler. The missionary work was continued by traveling priests.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Herwig Wolfram: Salzburg, Bavaria, Austria. The Conversio Bagoariorum et Carantanorum and the sources of their time . Verlag Oldenbourg, Vienna / Munich 1995, ISBN 3-486-64833-0 , pp. 46 and 278.
  2. ^ Herwig Wolfram: Salzburg, Bavaria, Austria. The Conversio Bagoariorum et Carantanorum and the sources of their time . Verlag Oldenbourg, Vienna / Munich 1995, ISBN 3-486-64833-0 , pp. 50 and 277.

literature

  • Peter Štih: Glosses on a new monograph on Carantania . In: Carinthia I, 196th year (2006), pp. 99–126.
  • Christian Rohr : Between Bavaria and Byzantium. On the mission history of Eastern Europe in the early and high Middle Ages. (Lecture series of the Salzburg Medieval Studies, WS 2003/04; available online (PDF; 168 kB)).