Borova (Albania)

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Borovë
Borova
Borova (Albania) (Albania)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg

Coordinates: 40 ° 19 ′  N , 20 ° 39 ′  E

Basic data
Qark : Korça
Municipality : Kolonja
Height : 960  m above sea level A.

Borova ( Albanian  also  Borovë ) is a small village in southeastern Albania . The place gained notoriety when German soldiers razed it to the ground during World War II and massacred the civilian population .

geography

Borova is located in the municipality of Kolonja six kilometers south of the town of Erseka . The village belonged to the municipality of Qendër-Erseka until 2015 .

The place is located in the hilly mountain country of Kolonja at around 960  m above sea level. A. The road from Korça to Përmet and on to Tepelena , the only paved connection in the region, runs through the village. It is the only direct connection between the southeast and the south of Albania.

history

It is believed that the village was founded by Slavs at the end of the 6th century . The name could be derived from the Slavic name for pine . In 1912 the first school was opened in the village.

On July 6, 1943, the Wehrmacht carried out a massacre among the population of Borova: The Germans shot people and set fire to houses. The villagers are said to have supported partisans who had previously attacked a German motorcade. All 100 buildings in the village were set on fire or badly damaged by the soldiers. 107 civilians were killed in this most serious Wehrmacht crime in Albania - mainly children, women and the elderly.

Memorial, in the background the Gramoz

The commemoration of the massacre was upheld in communist Albania . A memorial and a small museum commemorated the crime. The composer Thoma Gaqi published a symphonic poem called Borova in 1972 in memory of the victims. In democratic Albania from the 1990s onwards, the partisan war and the massacre in Borova are hardly thought any more. The museum was destroyed during the 1997 lottery riot. Since 1996 the German embassy in Tirana has been supporting the village of Borova with several infrastructure projects. The German ambassador repeatedly took part in commemorative events. There were also plans to rebuild the memorial, the center of which is now the 107 graves.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Komuna Qendër-Ersekë. In: Shoqata e Komunave të Shqipërisë. Archived from the original on March 19, 2012 ; Retrieved September 2, 2012 (Albanian).
  2. ↑ James Pettifer: Albania & Kosovo - Blue Guide . A & C Black, London 2001, ISBN 0-7136-5016-8 .
  3. ↑ a b c d e Vladimir Misho: The Massacre and Destruction of Borova, 1943. In: Frosina Information Network. August 6, 2004, accessed January 4, 2016 .
  4. ^ A b Hermann Frank Meyer : Bloody edelweiss. The 1st Mountain Division in World War II . Ch. Links Verlag, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-86153-447-1 ( online at Google Books ).
  5. ↑ a b Owen Pearson: Albania in Occupation and War - From Fascism to Communism 1940-1945 . In: The Center for Albanian Studies (Ed.): Albania in the Twentieth Century: A History . Volume 2. IB Tauris, London 2005, ISBN 1-84511-014-5 .
  6. ↑ Ju tregoj si e dogjën gjermanët Borovën më 6 Korrik 1943. In: Gazeta Shqip. July 6, 2008, archived from the original on January 11, 2013 ; Retrieved May 30, 2012 (Albanian).
  7. ↑ a b Bodo Gudjons: Encounter with Borova . In: Rüdiger Pier, Dierk Stich (ed.): Albania . VSA, Hamburg 1989, ISBN 3-87975-467-5 , p. 47-51 .
  8. ^ Heinz Gstrein : Walter travel guide to Albania . Walter-Verlag, Olten 1989, ISBN 3-530-29602-3 .
  9. ^ June Emerson: The music of Albania . Emerson Edition, Ann Arbor 1994, ISBN 978-0-9506209-3-0 , pp. 57 .
  10. ↑ a b Borova, ndanë një kujtimi te trishtë. In: Revista MAPO. Archived from the original on February 1, 2013 ; Retrieved May 31, 2012 (Albanian).
  11. ↑ Commemoration in memory of a massacre by the German Wehrmacht. (PDF) Address by Ambassador Hellmut Hoffmann. In: German Embassy Tirana . July 5, 2015, archived from the original on July 9, 2015 ; Retrieved July 9, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.tirana.diplo.de
  12. ↑ Enkelejda Skënderasi: Masakra e Borovës, djali i nazistit: Kërkoj falje. Lexova ditarin e babait, u tmerrova. In: BalkanWeb.com. July 7, 2013, archived from the original on July 28, 2013 ; Retrieved July 29, 2013 (Albanian).
  13. ↑ Përkujtohet masakra e Borovës - Top Channel Albania on YouTube