Brachypodium distachyon

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Two year old Zwenke
Brachypodium distachyon

Brachypodium distachyon

Systematics
Order : Sweet grass (Poales)
Family : Sweet grasses (Poaceae)
Subfamily : Pooideae
Tribe : Brachypodieae
Genre : Zwenken ( Brachypodium )
Type : Two year old Zwenke
Scientific name
Brachypodium distachyon
( L. ) P.Beauv.

The two-year Zwenke ( Brachypodium distachyon ) is a species of Zwenken ( Brachypodium ) within the sweet grass family (Poaceae).

description

Spikelets
Duration

Brachypodium distachyon is an annual grass that grows in small tufts. The stalks reach heights of 5–30– (70) centimeters. The leaf sheaths are glabrous or ciliate on the edges. The ligule is a 1.5-2.5 millimeter long, membranous border. The leaf blades are 1.5–3 millimeters wide and (1.7–) 3–7 (–11) centimeters long. The flower cluster is 3–6 inches long with 1–4 short-stalked spikelets. The spikelets are 8–17-flowered and without the awns 15–30 millimeters long. The glumes are 5-7-nerved, the lower 5-7.5 millimeters long, the upper 6-9 millimeters long. The lemmas are seven-veined, 6-9.5 millimeters long and tapering into a 10-17 millimeter long awn. The anthers are about 1 millimeter long.

The flowering period is March to June.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 10, 20, 28, 30.

distribution

Brachypodium distachyon is originally found from Macaronesia to India and from the Mediterranean region to Iran and Afghanistan. In South Africa, Australia and America the species is a neophyte.

ecology

The two-year-old dwarf thrives in maquis, in the phrygana, the garigue, on ruderal sites, in disturbed places and in olive groves. It rises in the Mediterranean area to 800 and 1200 meters above sea level, on the Cape Verde Islands to 1800 meters, in Iran to 1600 meters above sea level.

Taxonomy

The species was named by Carl von Linné as Bromus distachyos in Fl. Palace: 13 (1756) first described. Ambroise Marie François Joseph Palisot de Beauvois transferred them to Ess. Agrostogr .: 101, 155 (1812) in the genus Brachypodium . Synonyms of the species are: Festuca distachya (L.) Roth , Triticum distachyon (L.) Brot. , Festuca monostachyos Lam. , Festuca rigida Roth and Trachynia distachya (L.) Link .

literature

  • Hans Joachim Conert: Brachypodium distachyon . In: Gustav Hegi : Illustrated flora of Central Europe . 3rd edition, Volume I, Part 3, page 759. Paul Parey Publishing House, Berlin, Hamburg, 1987. ISBN 3-489-52320-2 (description, distribution, ecology)

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Peter Schönfelder , Ingrid Schönfelder: The new cosmos Mediterranean flora. Franckh Kosmos Verlag Stuttgart 2008. ISBN 978-3-440-10742-3 . P. 410.
  2. ↑ a b c U.Schippmann: Revision of the European species of the genus Brachypodium. Boissiera 45, 1-249, (1991).
  3. ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Brachypodium distachyon. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved June 19, 2020.

Web links

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