Fire protection education
Fire protection education and fire protection education are forms of fire protection educational mediation work aimed at different age groups.
Historically, the terminological distinction between fire protection education and fire protection education has become established. The differentiation of meanings suggested by this is actually superfluous, insofar as it is in each case a didactically prepared pedagogical mediation work.
Fire protection education and clarification are integral components of an emergency competence set up as a system. This grows up over several levels from kindergarten to adulthood. The competencies acquired at these levels include skills for prevention and reaction in the event of accidents, fire damage, natural disasters and other threats. All authorities and organizations with security tasks (BOS) are involved in the acquisition and development of this integrated emergency competence.
Fire protection education and awareness-raising serve to protect and promote people
- every age group
- of any origin and
- every level of education,
insofar as these competencies are imparted, with which they can take measures to prevent damaging fires and other emergency situations, to act correctly in the event of damage and to fight the damaging fire or provide assistance within the framework of their respective physical, linguistic and mental possibilities .
In a broader sense, fire protection education and clearing-up also convey skills for reacting in all other cases of damage, which include making an emergency call and using e.g. B. require technical assistance.
The current age group separation can usefully be retained as long as it is handled uniformly. In some state laws, for example, fire protection education is defined as a task in the curriculum for primary school and secondary level 1.
- Education: day-care centers , kindergartens + primary level (1 - 4 grade); Secondary level 1 (5 - 9 grade)
- Education: Secondary level (upper level) 10th to 12th grade and adults
Fire protection education / fire protection education is provided true to the principle of the educational understanding of upbringing by passing on tried and tested knowledge from experienced people. It is therefore always done in consultation with:
- Fire brigade management
- Management of the respective facility (day care center, kindergarten, school, after-school care center, other educational or care institutions)
- Safety officer
- parents / carers if necessary
Fire protection education takes place according to the age group in children's facilities, elementary schools and secondary schools.
Fire protection education is carried out for clubs, public groups, parents' groups, senior groups, etc.
- Employee training takes place in accordance with current legal provisions in schools, companies, residential facilities, shops, hospitals, etc.
- Information is given to people with special needs or requirements as required.
A special form of fire protection education is the fire protection assistant training according to the current legal regulations.
• It is always advisable to contact the responsible fire brigade .
Fire safety education and awareness shows adults and children how to recognize potential causes of fire and how to avoid fires. In theoretical and practical units, participants are taught how quickly, for example, B. Carelessness can cause a fire to break out, how to prevent it and - if something does happen - how to behave properly:
- Warning others
- Leaving the building
- 112 that provides accurate information on the emergency (these are from the called emergency dispatch queried)
Fire safety education for children often takes place in school lessons or in kindergarten. In order for the pupils in schools to recognize the warning sign of the siren in an emergency and to behave correctly, the fire alarm (as a false alarm) is triggered at the beginning of each school year and the school is evacuated. The students gather at the designated assembly point.
Visits to fire stations by school classes or clubs, as well as public events in which the fire brigade or youth fire brigade is involved, are actually not part of fire protection education / clarification, insofar as they do not acquire skills in preventive fire protection . However, they can be combined with BE / BA units. The fascination associated with working in the fire brigade, especially for children, can also be used positively, insofar as the introduction and, if necessary, the possibility of trying on the equipment of a fire brigade , especially the personal protective equipment of the emergency services, gives children familiarity and reduces fear of an emergency. Some children hide in closets and niches for fear of smoke and flames, but also of the fire fighters equipped with respirators , where they are difficult to find in the event of a fire.
Fire protection trainers with group leader qualifications and fire protection officers can also train company employees in the use of fire extinguishers and other fire protection and safety equipment available on site.
Fire education is playing an increasing role in the everyday life of most volunteer fire services as it has been recognized that the number of fires started by children appears to be decreasing with the expansion of fire education. Many volunteer fire brigades already have firefighters specially trained for this task.
The joint committee for fire protection education and fire protection education of the German Fire Brigade Association (DFV) and the Association for the Promotion of German Fire Protection (vfdb) is responsible for the topic nationwide; every year at the beginning of November it organizes the German Fire Protection Forum. Most of the regional fire brigade associations have also set up their own specialist committees, and there is a lively exchange of ideas about particularly successful and innovative forms of fire protection educational mediation work. In North Rhine-Westphalia there is also an active working group that is integrated into the state youth fire brigade and deals with fire protection education with the help of puppet stages.
Floriansdorf
In order to better assess the dangers of a fire and to overcome fear, Germany's first children's fire protection center " Floriansdorf " was founded in 1998 in the city of Iserlohn on the premises of the Iserlohn professional fire brigade. Here in 16 houses on around 5,000 m² children are taught in a playful way how to behave in the event of a fire and how to behave in the event of injuries and accidents.
The Floriansdorf Aachen opened in 2005 . The Floriansdorf KiEZ Frauensee was opened on October 3, 2014 .
literature
- Günter Julga, Gryta Julga: Fire protection education for children and adolescents - contribution for the elementary level . Association for the Promotion of German Fire Protection (vfdb) 1994
- Günter Julga, Gryta Julga: Fire protection education for children and adolescents - contribution for the primary level . Association for the Promotion of German Fire Protection (vfdb) 1994
- Günter Julga, Gryta Julga: Fire protection education for children and adolescents - contribution for secondary level I and vocational schools . Association for the Promotion of German Fire Protection (vfdb) 1994
- Siegfried Volz: Die Roten Hefte, Heft 62 - fire protection education in schools . 2nd, revised edition. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1997, ISBN 3-17-014539-8 .
Web links
- Technical recommendation of the German Fire Brigade Association - Joint Committee for Fire Protection Education and Clarification of the vfdb and DFV: “Behavior in the event of fire” from November 2019
- Technical recommendation of the German Fire Brigade Association - Joint Committee for Fire Protection Education and Clarification by vfdb and DFV: “The emergency call in fire protection education and clarification” from October 2017
Individual evidence
- ^ Franz-Josef Sehr : Fire protection education at the local level . In: Florian Hessen 12/1985 . Munkelt Verlag, Wiesbaden 1985, p. 24-25 . ISSN 0936-5370 .