Brown green alder milkling
| Brown green alder milkling | ||||||||||||
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Lactarius brunneohepaticus | ||||||||||||
| MM Moser |
The brown green alder milkling ( Lactarius brunneohepaticus ) is a type of mushroom from the family of the deaf relatives . It is a small, dark, olive to liver-brown milkling with a watery-white milk that clearly turns yellow on a white handkerchief. The Milchling grows in more or less humid, subalpine locations with green alder.
features
Macroscopic features
The hat is 0.8–3 cm wide, initially arched and then depressed in the middle. The dark brown to olive-umbra colored hat rarely has a hint of papilla . Towards the edge it is more reddish brown and later on the whole more chestnut brown to orange brown. The edge is usually smooth, only with age it can sometimes be slightly and briefly grooved.
The ocher-flesh-colored to orange-brown lamellae are 0.5–2 mm wide.
The stem is flesh brown and sometimes tinted olive in the middle or towards the top. The mild or almost mild-tasting meat is also flesh-brown in color. The white, watery milk turns yellow in the air.
Microscopic features
The more or less ellipsoidal spores are (7) 7.5–9 µm long and 6–7 µm wide. Their Q value (quotient of spore length and width) is 1.17. The spore ornament is up to 0.7 µm high and consists mainly of free or interconnected ribs, some of which also form a few closed meshes. The hillock is inamyloid .
The 4-spore, slightly clubbed basidia measure 37–50 × 10–13.5 µm, the sterigms are 5–6 µm long. Macro cheilocystids are numerous, measuring 32–45 × 6–7.5 µm. They are quite fusiform and have a thin tip that is sometimes constricted like a pearl necklace. The pleurocystids are also numerous and clearly protruding (15–23 µm). They are 60–85 µm long and 7-11 µm wide and narrowed at the tip like a spindle or pearl necklace.
The pseudoparenchymatic cap skin ( Pileipellis ) consists of 8–15 µm wide, almost rounded cells.
Species delimitation
Most similar is Lactarius obscuratus var. Subalpinus , which is also found in subalpine locations under green alder. His hat is more reddish to yellow-brown in color and always without olive tones. In addition, the edge of the hat is clearly and quite long grooved. In addition, the milk is more or less invariable and only turns yellowishly or very slowly.
Ecology and diffusion
The Milchling is a very rare species, possibly only found in the Alps in Europe. According to Basso, there are also collections from Poland and Italy.
The brown green alder milkling is a mycorrhizal fungus that, as its name suggests, is bound to green alder. The Milchling occurs in green alder bushes in the subalpine zone. Outside the Alps, the Milchling was found on Greenland and.
Systematics
The holotype of the very rare species was collected by Meinhard Moser in Königsbachtal in the Ötztal Alps near Obergurgl and described in 1978 as an independent species.
The species attribute ( epithet ) brunneohepaticus is made up of the Latin adjectives brunneus and hepaticus and indicates the often liver-brown color of the hat.
Inquiry systematics
Maria Teresa Basso places the Milchling in the Rhysocybella section . The section contains small, differently brown colored milklings that have no particular smell and whose hat rim is more or less grooved. The milk is sparse and can sometimes turn slightly and slowly. The milklings are usually found in alder trees in more or less damp locations.
meaning
The Milchling is considered inedible.
Individual evidence
- ^ MM Moser: Synonyms of Lactarius brunneohepaticus . In: SpeciesFungorum / speciesfungorum.org (ed.): Fungorum Rariorum Icones Coloratae . tape 7 , 1978, p. 39 ( speciesfungorum.org [accessed November 2, 2012]).
- ↑ a b Lactarius brunneohepaticus. In: Russulales News. Retrieved November 2, 2012 (original Latin description).
- ↑ a b c d Maria Teresa Basso: Lactarius Persoon (= Fungi Europaei . Band 7 ). 1999, ISBN 88-87740-00-3 , pp. 48-63, 609-613 (Italian).
- ^ Database of mushrooms in Austria. In: austria.mykodata.net. Austrian Mycological Society, accessed November 5, 2012 .
- ↑ Torbjørn Borgen, Steen A. Elborne, Henning Knudsen: Arctic and Alpine Mycology . Ed .: David Boertmann, Henning Knudsen. tape 6 . Museum Tusculanum Press, 2006, ISBN 87-635-1277-7 , A checklist of the Greenland basidiomycetes, p. 56 .
- ↑ a b Worldwide distribution of Lactarius brunneohepaticus. (No longer available online.) In: GBIF Portal / data.gbif.org. Formerly in the original ; Retrieved November 2, 2012 . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )
- ↑ Distribution atlas of mushrooms in Switzerland. In: swissfungi.wsl.ch. Federal Research Institute for Forests, Snow and Landscape WSL, accessed on November 5, 2012 .
- ^ Karl Ernst Georges: hepaticus . In: Comprehensive Latin-German concise dictionary . tape 1 . Hanover 1913, Sp. 3030 ( zeno.org ).