Brown-red Erdbock

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Brown-red Erdbock
Brown-red Erdbock (Dorcadion fulvum)

Brown-red Erdbock ( Dorcadion fulvum )

Systematics
Order : Beetle (Coleoptera)
Subordination : Polyphaga
Family : Longhorn beetle (Cerambycidae)
Subfamily : Weber bucks (Lamiinae)
Genre : Carinatodorcadion
Type : Brown-red Erdbock
Scientific name
Dorcadion fulvum
( Scopoli , 1763)

The Brown Red Erdbock ( Dorcadion fulvum , Syn. : Carinatodorcadion fulvum ) is a beetle from the family of the longhorn beetle and the subfamily Lamiinae . The animal that penetrates from the south-east to Central Europe belongs to the earth bucks (genus Dorcadion ). These live on the ground.

Notes on the name

The species was first described by Scopoli in 1763 as Cerambyx fulvus . Scopoli begins the diagnosis of the species with: Fulva sunt elytra, anten. bases, abdomen, femora & tibiae; reliqua nigra ( Latin: brown are the wing covers, the base of the antennae, the abdomen, the thighs and splints; the rest is black). This explains the species name "fulva" (lat. Brown)

The generic name "Dorcadion" (from ancient Greek δορκάς dorkas, gazelle δορκάδιον dorkádion, goat) expresses that it is a question of smaller longhorn beetles. This does not apply to Dorcadion fulvum . Carinatodorcadion is a Dorcadion with a keel (lat.carina = keel). Carinatodorcadion is classified as a genus or traditionally as a subgenus of the genus Dorcadion , depending on the author , and a different number of species is given.

In addition to the nominate form Carinatodorcadion fulvum fulvum, there is also the subspecies Carinatodorcadion fulvum erythropterum (old gr. Red-winged ).

Characteristics of the beetle

The body is elongated oval and reaches a length of 13 to 16 millimeters. The head, pronotum, tarsi and the antennae apart from the 1st antenna segment are black, the rest of the body is reddish brown.

The head is sloping downwards. The front edge of the head shield is drawn forward, the base of the mandibles lies in a lower level. Viewed from the front, the head shield above the upper lip is cut straight off (Fig. 2). The eleven-limbed antennae are long, but only reach about the middle of the wings in both sexes . The first antenna element is red-brown and very robust, the second, as in almost all longhorn beetles, is short and is reminiscent of the shape of an acorn fruit cup. The third antenna element is shorter than the first (Fig. 5, lengths of the antenna elements shown in black). The length ratio of the first to the third antenna segment is an important characteristic for distinguishing the genus. The following antenna segments are getting smaller and smaller, at the end they are all somewhat enlarged. The kidney-shaped compound eyes encompass the antenna base from behind. At the apex, the inner edges of the eyes (blue in Fig. 5) are closer together than the inner edges of the antennae bases (green in Fig. 5).

The pronotum is slightly wider than it is long and drawn out into a pointed hump on the sides. The longitudinal center line is deepened like a channel, in contrast to Dorcadion aethiops (Fig. 4 and Fig. 5).

The elytra are more or less shiny and brown. There is no white tomentation on either the wing cover seam or the edges of the wing cover . The species is unable to fly, the hind wings have receded, the wing wings have grown together at the seam.

The legs are very sturdy. The five-limbed tarsi appear only four-limbed (pseudotetramer), because the very small fourth tarsal is hidden between the lobes of the third tarsal.

Carinatodorcadion fulvum side.JPG
Fig. 1: Side view Fig. 2: Head Fig. 3: Bottom
Carinatodorcadion fulvum head.jpg

Carinatodorcadion fulvum under.jpg
Carinatodorcadion fulvum front.JPG
Fig. 4: Front view Fig. 5: Detail top view black: lengths of the first three antennae segments blue: inner edge of the eyes on the vertex, green: inner edge of the antennae base
Carinatodorcadion fulvum detail1.jpg




biology

The species loves warmth and occurs in dry, open terrain. The adults eat leaves and roots. They appear in early spring. The larvae eat roots from grass and other herbs. They need a year to develop.

distribution

The range of the species is very compact and is shifted slightly to the north compared to the occurrence of Dorcadion aethiops . In the north the distribution limit runs through the Ukraine and Poland , in the west through the Czech Republic and Austria , in the southwest the distribution area is limited by the Adriatic Sea. In the south, Greece and Turkey are no longer in the distribution area.

Individual evidence

  1. JA Scopoli: Entomologia Carniolica exhibens insecta Carnioliæ indigena et distributa in ordines, genera, species, varietates. Methodo Linnæana Vindobonae 1763 Original description on p.91: 53 as No. 170 at GDZ
  2. Sigmund Schenkling: Explanation of the scientific beetle names (species)
  3. Sigmund Schenkling: Explanation of the scientific beetle names (genus)
  4. Carinatodorcadion at Fauna Europaea. Retrieved February 19, 2013
  5. Carinadorcadion at BioLib
  6. Dorcadion fulvum at BioLib
  7. Carinatodorcadion fulvum in Fauna Europaea. Retrieved December 11, 2010

literature

  • Heinz joy, Karl Wilhelm Harde, Gustav Adolf Lohse (ed.): The beetles of Central Europe . tape 9 . Cerambycidae Chrysomelidae . Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Munich 1999, ISBN 3-8274-0683-8 (first edition: Goecke & Evers, Krefeld 1966).
  • Adolf Horion: Faunistics of the Central European Beetles, Bd. XII . Überlingen-Bodensee 1974
  • Klaus Koch : The Beetles of Central Europe . Ed .: Heinz Freude . tape 3 : ecology . Goecke & Evers, Krefeld 1992, ISBN 3-87263-042-3 .

Web links

Commons : Dorcadion fulvum  - album with pictures, videos and audio files