Brake mountain funding
The brake mining is a conveyor mainly in mining , in which trolleys are conveyed on an inclined plane. The full truck pulls the empty truck uphill on a rope when traveling downhill. In order to be able to control the journey, the deflection ("brake -") disc is braked, which is where the name comes from. The brake mining conveyor is a discontinuous method which are well suited for promoting intermediate between extraction sites or midsoles for deeper sole is suitable. The main flow basically moves downwards, to a small extent an upward auxiliary flow z. B. of material possible. The Bremsberg funding was gradually abolished with the advent of mechanical funding . Today this conveyor technology is rarely used.
Basics
In the 19th century the promotion of mined minerals was in the degradation routes done exclusively by hand. Located in the trolley loaded conveyed was of funding men pushed to the ground floor or to the main haulage level and there the route promoting passed. Since the mining stretches were above the basic stretch , they had a slight gradient. Due to the incline, the conveyor man always had to brake the truck with a brake block. Braking was no longer possible from a certain incline on the route. In order to transport the trams to the lowest level, brake mountains were created and the trolleys were conveyed there. Brake mining was mainly used in hard coal mining . The reason for this was that falling over roller holes , as was common in ore mining, had a negative effect on the coal . When falling, the lump coals were often cut into small pieces. In ore mining, the brake mining has been applied when the production by means of Hunte no longer possible due to the gradient and the use of roller holes due to the low falling (<33 Gon ) of the deposit was not feasible.
The techniques
The Bremsberg funding could take place in one and two pieces. A counterweight was used in the opposing center in the case of single-tier promotion. To prevent the cars from becoming too fast due to gravity, they were braked with a braking device. The wagons rolled on the same tracks as they were used for haulage. At a fall angle of less than 22 gons, the wagons to be conveyed were connected directly to the braking device via a rope. In the case of larger gradients, the trolleys were loaded onto rack trolleys and then transported away. These rack wagons were provided with rails across the track, onto which the trolleys were pushed. These rack wagons, which were also known as brakes or brakes, were made of wood and iron. For particularly long braking mountains, there were special constructions that were suitable for transporting several cars. In the case of two-column conveyance, empty cars were conveyed up at the same time. If two full trolleys were moved down, an empty trolley and a trolley loaded with material could be conveyed up due to the overweight of the two trams. In the case of single-pipe funding, funding from different heights was also possible; with two-pipe funding, funding was only possible to an upper stop. For safety reasons, it was forbidden to drive during the brake mountain conveyance.
The workflow
In the case of single-lap conveyance, the trolley to be conveyed is pushed onto the rack trolley on the upper section or attached to the rope. In the case of two-column conveyance, an empty trolley is attached to the lower stop beforehand. The brake is then released and the full trolley rolls down due to gravity. He pulls the empty car up. So that the entire car is not too fast, he must constantly with the brake plant are slowed down. When the full car arrives at the bottom, the brake disc is braked completely. The carriages are then uncoupled and pushed further. In the case of larger operations, own brakes are provided to support the conveyor people. These have the task of slowing down the rolling trolleys and thus making the transport smoother. After the wagons have been gagged off, new wagons are immediately attached and the conveying process begins again.
literature
- A. Stein: The different methods of mechanical line conveyance, taking into account the rope conveyance. Second edition, printed and published by Carl Bertenburg, Gelsenkirchen 1898, online .
Individual evidence
- ^ A b c Carl Hellmut Fritzsche: Textbook of mining science. First volume, 10th edition, Springer Verlag, Berlin / Göttingen / Heidelberg 1961.
- ↑ Dippel, Gottlieb, Koppe, Lottner: The entire natural sciences. Third volume, printed and published by GD Bädeker, Essen 1859.
- ↑ a b c J. Niederist: Fundamentals of mining science. kk court book and art dealer FA Credner, Prague 1863.
- ↑ a b c d Emil Stöhr: Catechism of Mining Studies. Lehmann & Wentzel bookstore for technology and art, Vienna 1875.
- ^ Gustav Köhler: Textbook of mining science. 6th edition, published by Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig 1903.