Cabrette

Convertible player Jean Rascalou

Cabrette player during an Auvergatian music session

The cabrette , also called cabreta ("little goat"), is a wind instrument from the family of bagpipes , it is considered to be the bagpipes typical of the French region of Auvergne .

History and dissemination

The musical instrument may have been played by farmers and shepherds in the region as early as the 18th century, but the exact origin is still unknown today. The instrument came to Paris via the Auvergne migrants at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century . At the dance events of the Auvergnat community, the Bals Musettes or Bals Auvergnats , the cabrette was played together with the accordion under the influence of Italian immigrants.

Today the cabrette is mainly used in Auvergnatian traditional and folk music.

Surname

The name Cabrette is composed of Latin capra , "(female) goat" and the Middle Latin or Italian diminutive affix - etta , French - ette . In Auvergnat the name of the instrument is cabretas .

function

The instrument consists of the goatskin airbag with a fabric cover for decoration, the bellows and the chanter ( pied ), as well as either a drone whistle sitting on the same floor as the chanter or instead a (non-functional) decorative drapery. Structural details of today's Cabrette (the pied Parisien ) were taken from the Musette du Cour .

While the first Cabrettes were hand-blown, bellows were added to the Cabrette in the mid-19th century . It is said that Joseph Faure from Saint-Martin-de-Fugères in the Haute-Loire department first used a bellows for the Cabrette. Faure, a carpenter stricken with lung disease, was inspired by using a bellows to start a fire.

Well-known musicians

Early 20th century

Martin Cayla (1889-1951), Auvergne
Théodore Noël (1853–1937), convertible player and composer of traditional music from the Limousin .
Antoine Bouscatel (1867-1945), Auvergne

today

Didier Pauvert (* 1962): CV and discography see individual references
Michel Esbelin : CDs (excerpt): Quand on fait le même chemin (1996, with Didier Pauvert, accordion ), Valse des Ombres (2008, solo)
Dominique Paris : solo CD (1997, Publisher: cinq planètes )
Jacques Puech : CD La Chabra Bura (2010, with Yann Gourdon, hurdy-gurdy )

literature

Roger Servant: La cabrette, instrument de musique: son histoire, sa conception, ses composants. 2006, ISBN 2-9525283-0-6 .

Web links

Commons : Cabrette - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b Structure, function ( Memento from July 25, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) (French)
^ History of the Cabrette ( Memento from December 19, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (French)
^ Gabriele Kalmbach, Hans E. Latzke: Auvergne and Cervennen. DuMont 2005, p. 75
↑ cabretas the Occitan-French dictionary
^ CV Didier Pauvert ( Memento from March 27, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
^ Website Jacques Puech

[aufbau_funktion-1] Structure, function ( Memento from July 25, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) (French)

[2] History of the Cabrette ( Memento from December 19, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (French)

[3] Gabriele Kalmbach, Hans E. Latzke: Auvergne and Cervennen. DuMont 2005, p. 75

[4] retas the Occitan-French dictionary

[5] CV Didier Pauvert ( Memento from March 27, 2016 in the Internet Archive )

[6] Website Jacques Puech