Campidanese

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Campidanese is a collective term named after the lowland strip of Campidano for the dialects of the Sardinian language spoken in southern Sardinia . It serves to distinguish between Logudorese / Nuoresian and Gallurian / Sassarese . Although the individual varieties of Campidanese are much more similar to each other than those of other Sardinian dialect groups, there is no such thing as a “Campidanese dialect” per se. Rather, there are numerous individual dialects that can be assigned to a Campidanese "dialect family", so to speak.

grammar

The most noticeable grammatical feature of Campidanese is the definite plural article: In contrast to the Logudorese and Nuorese varieties, Campidanese only knows one article in the plural for both genera , namely is . As in the other Sardinian varieties, the singular forms are su (masc. Sing.) And sa (fem. Sing.). There are also some differences in the tenses , especially the past tense.

Phonology

The Campidanese dialects have no preservation of the Latin velar occlusive (/ K /) before -e and -i like the central Sardinian varieties. The palatalization of Latin -C leads to similar results as in Italian:

  • z. B. lat. Centu (m) (pronounced: / kentu /) '100'> Campidanese centu (pronounced: / tschentu /, see Italian cento ) '.
  • z. B. Latin nuce (m) (pronounced: / nuke /) 'nut'> Campidanese nuxi (pronounced: / nuschi / with voiced fricative , cf. Italian noce ).

In addition, a reduction to the vowels -a , -i , -u can be observed in vowelism in the unstressed position , similar to that in Sicilian (e.g. Campidanese nuxi as opposed to Logudorese nuche / nuke ).

Another feature of the Campidanesian dialects is an advanced lenization of voiceless intervowel occlusive (p, t, k) up to their failure, for example in the past participle : Latin cantatu (m) > Campidanesian cantau (probably via the intermediate cantadu , which in others Sardinian varieties are common). A similar phenomenon can be seen in the infinitive of some verbs ending in -are , here the -r is affected by the decline: cantai 'to sing' (<Latin cantare ), pappai 'eat', aggiudai 'help' (<Latin adjutare ).

literature

  • Maria Teresa Atzori: Sardegna. (= Profilo dei dialetti italiani, 20). Pisa 1982.
  • Eduardo Blasco Ferrer, Michel Contini: Sardinian: Internal Language History I. Grammar (Evoluzione della grammatica) . In: Günter Holtus , Michael Metzeltin , Christian Schmitt (eds.): Lexicon of Romance Linguistics (LRL). Volume IV. Italian, Corsican, Sardinian. Tübingen 1988, pp. 836-853.
  • Eduardo Blasco Ferrer: Sardinian: External Language History (Storia del sardo) . In: Günter Holtus , Michael Metzeltin , Christian Schmitt (eds.): Lexicon of Romance Linguistics (LRL). Volume IV. Italian, Corsican, Sardinian. Tübingen 1988, pp. 884-897.
  • Ines Loi Corvetto: Sardinian: Internal History of Language II. Lexicon (Evoluzione del lessico) . In: Günter Holtus , Michael Metzeltin , Christian Schmitt (Eds.): Lexicon of Romance Linguistics . 12 volumes. Niemeyer, Tübingen 1988-2005; Volume IV .: Italian, Corsican, Sardinian. Pp. 854-867.
  • Maurizio Virdis: Sardinian: Aree linguistiche . In: Günter Holtus , Michael Metzeltin , Christian Schmitt (eds.): Lexicon of Romance Linguistics (LRL). Volume IV. Italian, Corsican, Sardinian. Tübingen 1988, pp. 897-913.
  • Max Leopold Wagner; Giovanni Masala (ed.): History of the Sardinian language. A. Francke, Tübingen / Basel 2002.

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