Tempora

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The Tempora spying program was developed at the Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) in Cheltenham , Gloucestershire in the United Kingdom

Tempora [ ˈtɛmpɔra ] ( Latin for " the times , the periods of time ") is the code name of a British secret service operation of the Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) for the surveillance and espionage of global telecommunications and Internet data traffic.

Thanks to the data tapping directly on the submarine cables , intelligence agents can access 40 billion individual content data per day, the NSA had announced the success of the GCHQ in 2012.

Spying program Tempora

revelation

The Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ)

Findings about the Tempora program are based on information and data from Edward Snowden , according to The Guardian newspaper . A second, anonymous source with in-house intelligence confirmed the existence of the program, emphasizing strict compliance with British law.

Snowden had previously disclosed the US NSA program PRISM as a whistleblower . Again, the information is based on presentation slides .

The Guardian reported on June 17, 2013 that the British Ministry of Defense had requested various media outlets (including the BBC ) to self-censure or refrain from disclosing information by means of a confidential DA notice and referred to the first publication of this D-notice on June 8 , 2013 . June 2013.

Four days later, on June 21, 2013, the Guardian released Snowden's revelations about tenses, about two weeks after the first revelations about PRISM.

method

According to Snowden, the Tempora espionage program is even more extensive than PRISM and has been in operation since around the end of 2011. It consists of the two components Mastering the Internet and Global Telecoms Exploitations , one of which has been active since 2009.

According to the Guardian, “the sheer magnitude of the intelligence agency's ambitions is clear from the titles of the two main components: Mastering the Internet and Global Telecom Exploitation with the aim of siphoning off as much online and telephone communications as possible. "

As part of the program, Internet nodes and transatlantic data connections would be tapped by the GCHQ and the data would be stored for up to 30 days. The GCHQ spies on all data traffic flowing into or out of the UK via the transatlantic fiber optic network. Over 200 fiber optic connections would be tapped to monitor and analyze the data and around 500 employees would be employed.

E-mails , entries in social networks and personal information of Internet users as well as telephone calls are monitored .

International cooperation

According to Snowden, the two surveillance programs PRISM and Tempora belong to a joint secret service program called " Five Eyes " of the five nations Great Britain , the USA , Canada , Australia and New Zealand . According to a report by the European Parliament from 2001, the five countries have been running the Echelon project for decades for the worldwide surveillance of telephone and data traffic conducted via communications satellites , which, according to this report, was also used for industrial espionage .

Reactions

Great Britain

Other than the Guardian disclosure and subsequent articles, the British press paid little attention to the subject. The conservative British politician Ben Wallace put in his column in the Times : "Spies spy" ( spies spying ) and apparently brought the collective restraint to the point that many politicians and commentators was evident in the UK to the unveiling, leaving Spiegel Online speculate whether the cause of the reluctance is to be found in the D-Notice of June 7, 2013.

Germany

The German Justice Minister Sabine Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger ( FDP ) called for a quick clarification, which "belongs immediately to the European institutions ". “The allegations against Great Britain sound like a nightmare à la Hollywood.” Wolfgang Bosbach (CDU), Chairman of the Interior Committee in the Bundestag, saw the credibility of democracy at risk: “This is not just about data protection issues; Another question arises, namely whether the citizens will not lose trust in the state and thus in our democracy if they cannot be absolutely sure that the secret services are only doing what they are actually allowed to do. ” and the CDU -Innenpolitiker Clemens Binningerstrasse : "If the information is true, that in social networks and providers large amounts of data are stored, that would not be with our understanding of privacy compatible."

Ulrich Weinbrenner, Ministerialrat in the Federal Ministry of the Interior , said at a committee meeting of the Bundestag that it was "generally known that there are programs of this kind"; "Nobody who is familiar with the matter will generally say that they may be surprised by the way in which strategic reconnaissance is carried out."

Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger asked the British government in writing to comment on the "Tempora" monitoring program. On June 25, 2013, Spiegel Online published excerpts from the two identical letters in which British Justice Minister Christopher Grayling and Home Secretary Theresa May were asked to explain the legal basis for the data collections.

The following day it became known that the British government had refused to answer the questions by stating, "As you know, British governments generally do not take a public position on intelligence matters." The "suitable channel" for such bilateral talks are "our intelligence services themselves."

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ no longer secret: Report: NSA scandal in the issues c't 17/15 and 18/15, Heise-Verlag Hannover
  2. ↑ a b c d Ewen Macaskill, Julian Borger, Nick Hopkins, Nick Davies, James Ball: GCHQ taps fiber-optic cables for secret access to world's communications ( English ) In: The Guardian . June 21, 2013. Archived from the original on May 6, 2014. Retrieved March 24, 2014.
  3. ↑ Peter Rásonyi: British eavesdropping on the Internet: Intercontinental fiber optic cables tapped on a huge scale . In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung . June 23, 2013. Archived from the original on March 25, 2014. Retrieved on March 24, 2014.
  4. ↑ Marc Pitzke: Ex-CIA employee comes out as a Prism whistleblower . In: Spiegel Online . June 10, 2013. Archived from the original on March 27, 2014. Retrieved January 30, 2014.
  5. ↑ a b Josh Halliday: MoD serves news outlets with D notice over surveillance leaks ( English ) In: The Guardian . June 17, 2013. Archived from the original on February 14, 2014. Retrieved on March 24, 2014.
  6. ↑ order-order.com: D-Notice ( English ) In: order-order.com . June 7, 2013. Archived from the original on February 18, 2014. Retrieved March 24, 2014.
  7. ↑ Ewen Macaskill, Julian Borger, Nick Hopkins, Nick Davies, James Ball: Mastering the internet: how GCHQ set out to spy on the world wide web ( English ) In: The Guardian . June 21, 2013. Archived from the original on May 6, 2014. Retrieved March 24, 2014.
  8. ↑ Österreichischer Rundfunk: British secret service spies on Internet users worldwide . In: Österreichischer Rundfunk . June 22, 2013. Archived from the original on June 25, 2013. Retrieved on March 24, 2014.
  9. ↑ a b c Handelsblatt: wiretapping scandal: British secret service is also spying out data . In: Handelsblatt . June 22, 2013. Archived from the original on December 5, 2013. Retrieved on March 24, 2014.
  10. ↑ Ewen Macaskill, Julian Borger, Nick Hopkins, Nick Davies, James Ball: How does GCHQ's internet surveillance work? ( English ) In: The Guardian . June 21, 2013. Archived from the original on March 24, 2014. Retrieved on March 24, 2014.
  11. ^ Franziska Bossy, Ole Reissmann: Espionage scandal: British secret service collects huge amounts of data . In: Spiegel Online . June 21, 2013. Archived from the original on April 4, 2014. Retrieved on March 24, 2014.
  12. ^ Gerhard Schmid: Procedure: non-legislative statement (Art. 47 GO); Debate and acceptance: Echelon interception system . In: Doc .: A5-0264 / 2001 . European Parliament. September 5, 2001. Retrieved March 24, 2014.
  13. ↑ Gerhard Schmid: Report on the existence of a global interception system for private and commercial communication (ECHELON interception system) (PDF 1.3 MB) In: Doc .: A5-0264 / 2001 Part 1 . European Parliament. July 11, 2001. Archived from the original on March 24, 2014. Retrieved on March 24, 2014.
  14. ↑ Jochen Buchsteiner: listening program "Tempora": Great Britain is not very outraged . In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung . June 23, 2013. Archived from the original on March 19, 2014. Retrieved March 24, 2014.
  15. ↑ Ben Wallace: British spies take risks to protect us. Be proud of them. ( English , paid) In: The Times . June 24, 2013. Archived from the original on June 26, 2013. Retrieved on March 24, 2014.
  16. ↑ Carsten Volkery: Supervisor: Why Tempora cold can the British . In: Spiegel Online . June 24, 2013. Archived from the original on April 10, 2014. Retrieved on March 24, 2014.
  17. ↑ AFP: Germany: Leutheusser calls for clarification on the British spying program . In: Zeit Online . June 22, 2013. Archived from the original on April 10, 2014. Retrieved on March 24, 2014.
  18. ↑ Anna Peters: "Tempora": Federal government demands clarification . In: Deutsche Welle . June 21, 2013. Archived from the original on April 10, 2014. Retrieved on March 24, 2014.
  19. ↑ Time Online -author sre: Federal Government: Politicians call for clarification of the "nightmare" tenses . In: Zeit Online . June 22, 2013. Archived from the original on April 10, 2014. Retrieved on March 24, 2014.
  20. ↑ n-tv: secret service taps into important fiber optic cable TAT-14: British spy out German data . In: n-tv . June 24, 2013. Archived from the original on January 7, 2014. Retrieved on March 24, 2014.
  21. ↑ German Bundestag: German Bundestag: Federal Government speaks about US surveillance action (Video 2:19:49 hours) In: German Bundestag . June 24, 2013. Archived from the original on March 24, 2014. Retrieved on March 24, 2014.
  22. ↑ FAZ authors Ml, pes, rüb, pca: Whistleblowers on the run: Putin: Snowden is a free man . In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung . June 25, 2013. Archived from the original on May 29, 2014. Retrieved on March 24, 2014.
  23. ↑ Severin Weiland, Annett Meiritz: Sniffer tenses: Fire letter to British Prime Minister . In: Spiegel Online . June 25, 2013. Archived from the original on April 10, 2014. Retrieved on March 24, 2014.
  24. ↑ Severin Weiland, Annett Meiritz: Spähprogramm: Britain refuses to answer to Tempora . In: Spiegel Online . June 26, 2013. Archived from the original on April 4, 2014. Retrieved on March 24, 2014.
  25. ↑ Patrick Beuth: Espionage: Resistance against Prism and Tempora awakens . In: Zeit Online . June 26, 2013. Archived from the original on March 24, 2014. Retrieved on March 24, 2014.