Cardiobacteriaceae

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Cardiobacteriaceae
Cardiobacterium hominis on blood agar

Cardiobacterium hominis on blood agar

Systematics
Domain : Bacteria (bacteria)
Department : Proteobacteria
Class : Gammaproteobacteria
Order : Cardiobacteriales
Family : Cardiobacteriaceae
Scientific name
Cardiobacteriaceae
(Dewhirst et al., 1990)
Genera

Cardiobacteriaceae form a family of the Proteobacteria and are the only member of the order Cardiobacteriales . They are gram negative facultative anaerobic bacteria. The genus Dichelobacter , however, seems to be less tolerant of oxygen. The rod-shaped cells usually appear as pairs or chains. Rosette formation can also occur. They have pili but no flagella . The pili are type IV pili (N-methylphenylalanine pilus class), bacteria that have this type of pili can move "twitching" on solid ground. The growth in media is rather slow. With the exception of Dichelobacter , the metabolic pathway of all types is fermentative (fermentation also with the presence of oxygen). They are chemoorganotrophic, they need organic substances such as B. Glucose for nutrition.

Characteristics of the individual genera

Cardiobacterium : The first description of Cardiobacterium probably occurred in the examination of endocarditis (endocarditis) in 1962, identified the still closer, the genus Pasteurella similar ( Pasteurella -like) isolated bacterium was first from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to "Group II D ”and finally named Cardiobacterium hominis in 1964 . This bacterium is pleomorphic . As with Suttonella , the cells are rod-shaped with rounded ends. C. hominis appears to be a harmless inhabitant of the nasal cavity of humans, but is in rare cases the causative agent of bacterial endocarditis.

Dichelobacter : This bacterium is the causative agent of foot rot (also called Schafpanaritium) in sheep. It is regarded as obligatory anaerobic, but it continues to grow for some time even under oxygen. The cells are long, straight or slightly curved rods.

Suttonella : The long, straight, rod-shaped cells of Suttonella have rounded ends. Little is known about the bacterium as a pathogen; it has been found in inflammation of the eyes and, however, also in endocarditis. The Lower Saxony State Office for Consumer Protection and Food Safety was able to prove in 2020 that the species Suttonella ornithocola is responsible for the frequent deaths of blue tits . The pathogen leads to pneumonia .

Systematics

On the basis of 16S rRNA analyzes and the GC content, Kingella indologenes from the Neisseriaceae family was renamed Suttonella indologenes and Bacteroides nodosus (Bacteroidaceae) was renamed Dichelobacter nodosus and, together with Cardiobacterium hominis, became part of the Cardiobacteriaceae family.

The following genera and species were assigned to the Cardiobacteriaceae family in July 2018:

Synonyms

  • Dichelobacter nodosus : The basionyma is Bacteroides nodosus (Beveridge 1941) Mraz 1963
  • Suttonella indologenes : The Basionym is Kingella indologenes Snell and Lapage 1976
  • Suttonella avium is a synonym for Suttonella ornithocola

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ DN Tucker, IJ Slotnick, EO King, B. Tynes, J. Nicholson, L. Crevasse: Endocarditis caused by a Pasteurellalike organism. In: New Engl. J. Med. Volume 267, 1962, pp. 913-916.
  2. ↑ "Suttonella ornithocola": pathogen that causes tit deaths identified. Retrieved April 23, 2020 .
  3. ↑ Systematics according to LPSN (status: July 11, 2018)

literature

  • A. Malani, D. Aronoff, S. Bradley, C. Kauffman: Cardiobacterium hominis endocarditis: two cases and a review of the literature. In: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Vol. 25, No. 9, September 2006, pp. 587-595.
  • Martin Dworkin, Stanley Falkow, Eugene Rosenberg, Karl-Heinz Schleifer, Erko Stackebrandt (Eds.): The Prokaryotes, A Handbook of the Biology of Bacteria. Vol. 6: Proteobacteria: Gamma Subclass. 3. Edition. Springer-Verlag, New York et al. 2006, ISBN 0-387-30746-X .
  • George M. Garrity: Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Volume 2: The Proteobacteria, Part B: The Gammaproteobacteria. 2nd Edition. Springer, New York 2005, ISBN 0-387-24144-2 .