Carlo Lodoli

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Portrait of Lodoli by Alessandro Longhi , around 1760

Carlo Lodoli OFM (born November 28, 1690 in Venice , † October 27, 1761 in Padua ) was an Italian clergyman and architectural theorist .

His work on architectural theory anticipated the modernist conceptions of functionalism and material justice. He demanded that architectural forms and proportions have to be adapted to the material, and is sometimes referred to as the “ Socrates of architecture”, especially since his own work has also perished and his theories are only known through the mediation of others. Similar to the architectural theorists Claude Perrault , Jean-Louis de Cordemoy , Marc-Antoine Laugier , Lodoli formulated an architectural rationalism that questioned the prevailing styles of Baroque and Rococo .

Girolamo Francesco Zanetti reports that after 20 years of writing, Lodoli completed his work on architecture but refused to publish it. Instead, Francesco Algarotti tried to spread Lodoli's ideas through his own work Saggio sopra l'architettura (1757), but only wrote a flimsy copy. The imitation even stood in opposition to Lodoli's courageous anti-Baroque rationalism. Andrea Memmo tried to make Lodoli's theories justified in his work Elementi d'architettura lodoliana (1786). A book published a year before the Apologhi immaginati appeared under the name of Lodoli in 1787. It contains a collection of sayings and - in some cases paradoxical - stories that he passed on to his friends and students. Another student, Francesco Milizia (1725-1798) published a long treatise Principj di architettura civile (1781) in which he set out an exhaustive architectural program that was shaped by contemporary science.

Lodoli spent the years between 1739 and 1751 in office as Padre Generale Commissario di Terra Santa in Venice , where he mainly devoted himself to the restoration of the pilgrims' hospice (1739–43). This was the only building that was designed according to his plans.

Medieval architects

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Spiro Kostof: A History of Architecture . Oxford University Press, New York 1985, p. 560.
  2. ^ Liane Lefaivre, Alexander Tzonis: The emergence of modern architecture: a documentary history from 1000 to 1810. Routledge, London / New York 2004, p. 428.

literature

  • Andrea Memmo: Elementi d'Architettura lodoliana. ossia l'arte del fabbricare con solidità scientifica e con eleganza non capricciosa. Rome, Pagliarini, 1786; Edizione corretta ed accresciuta dall'Autore, Zara, Fratelli Battara; Milano, Soc. Ed. dei Classici Italiani di Architettura Civile, 1833.
  • Edgar Kaufmann jr .: Memmo's Lodoli. In: "The Art Bulletin", 46, 1964, pp. 160-175.
  • Augusto Cavallari Murat: Congetture sul trattato d'architettura progettato dal Lodoli. In: "Atti e Rassegna Tecnica della Società degli Ingegneri e degli Architetti in Torino", NS 20, 1966, pp. 271-280.
  • Ennio Concina: Architettura militare e scienza : prospettive e indagine sulla formazione veneziana e sull '"entourage" familiare di Padre Carlo Lodoli. In: "Storia Architettura", 2, 1975, n. 3, pp. 19-22.
  • Ennio Concina: Per Padre Carlo Lodoli. Giovambattista Lodoli ingegnere militare. In: "Arte Veneta", 30, 1976, p. 240.
  • Joseph Rykwert: Lodoli on function and representation. In: "Architectural Review", 160, 1976, No. 2, pp. 21-26.
  • Edgar Kaufmann jr .: Lodoli architetto. In: Helen Searing (Ed.): In search of modern architecture. A tribute to Henry-Russell Hitchcock . MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass. 1982 (The Architectural History Foundation, 6), pp. 31-37.
  • Sergio Paolo Caligaris: Gli indici per il trattato sull'architettura di fra Carlo Lodoli. In: "Arte Cristiana", NS 74, 1986, pp. 181-190.
  • Sergio Paolo Caligaris: Fra 'Carlo Lodoli : la ristrutturazione dell'Ospizio di Terrasanta presso il convento di S. Francesco della Vigna in Venezia, tra realtà ed ipotesi. In: "Arte Cristiana", NS 78, 1990, pp. 31-42.
  • Piero Del Negro:  Lodoli, Carlo. In: Mario Caravale (ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 65:  Levis-Lorenzetti. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 2005.
  • Marc J. Neveu: Architectural Lessons of Carlo Lodoli (1690-1761): Indole of Material and of Self . Dissertation Montreal 2005.
  • Louis Cellauro: Carlo Lodoli and architecture. Career and theory of an eighteenth-century pioneer of modernism. In: "Architectura", 36, 2006, No. 1, pp. 25-59.