Carnosol

Structural formula
General
Surname	Carnosol
other names	Picrosalvin
Molecular formula	C 20 H 26 O 4
Brief description	colorless solid
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 5957-80-2 PubChem 442009 ChemSpider 390568 Wikidata Q16634054
properties
Molar mass	330.42 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
Melting point	221-226 ° C
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances no GHS pictograms H and P phrases H: no H-phrases P: no P-phrases
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Carnosol and carnosic acid are components of rosemary and sage .

Rosemary sprigs

Macro shot of fresh sage leaves

They reduce the risk of stroke and myocardial infarction or arteriosclerosis in humans . Scientifically, this means that, as isolated substances, carnosol and carnosic acid are highly potent inhibitors of lipid peroxidation in liposomal systems. They intercept peroxide radicals directly, chelate iron ions and thus block the formation of hydroxyl radicals. Carnosol is also a relatively specific inhibitor of arachidonate-5-lipoxygenase . So they prevent specific radicals from causing genetic changes. This component of the plant is also decisive for its bitter taste.

literature

• S. Kawakishi et al .: Chemistry of ginger components and inhibitory factors of the arachidonic acid cascade. In: CT Ho et al. (Ed.): Food Phytochemicals for Cancer Prevention II. American Chemical Society, Washington DC 1994, pp. 244-250.
• K. Polasa et al .: Effect of turmeric on urinary mutagens in smokers. In: Mutagenesis . Volume 7, 1992, pp. 107-109.
• M. Hirose et al .: Modifying effects of the naturally occurring antioxidants gamma-oryzanol, phytic acid, tannic acid and n-tritriacontane-16,18-dione in a rat wide-spectrum organ carcinogenesis model. In: Carcinogenesis . Volume 12, 1991, pp. 1917-1921.
• MT Huang et al: Inhibitory effects of curcumin on in vitro lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase activities in mouse epidermis. In: Cancer Res. Volume 51, 1991, pp. 813-819.
• MJ Laughton et al .: Inhibition of mammalian 5-lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase by flavonoids and phe-nolic dietary additives. In: Biochem. Pharmacol. Volume 42, 1991, pp. 1673-1681.
• F. Guillot et al.: Beneficial effects of rosmary antioxidants: establishment of a rapid in vitro biological screening system. In: IFSC: Polyunsaturated fatty acids, eicosanoids and antioxidants in biology and human diseases. 1993, pp. 24-28.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d} data sheet Carnosol at Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on March 19, 2011 ( PDF ).
2. ↑ Stephanie Brach and Bernhard Peter: Die Chemie des Sage , accessed on June 21, 2013.