Castello di Sasso Corbaro
| Castello di Sasso Corbaro | ||
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 Castello di Sasso Corbaro |
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| Alternative name (s): | Unterwalden Castle | |
| Creation time : | 1479-1482 | |
| Castle type : | Höhenburg, spur location | |
| Conservation status: | receive | |
| Place: | Bellinzona | |
| Geographical location | 46 ° 11 '17.3 " N , 9 ° 1' 48.4" E | |
| Height: | 458 m above sea level M. | |
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The Castello di Sasso Corbaro is a spur castle in Bellinzona , the capital of the canton of Ticino in Switzerland . As one of the three castles of Bellinzona it belongs since 2000 to the World Heritage of UNESCO , together with the Castelgrande , the Castello di Montebello and Murata . It is also a cultural asset of national importance . The castle is 458 m above sea level. M. on a rocky ledge around 600 meters east of the old town. It is the only one not connected to the other fortifications.
history
The castle has different names. From 1506 it was called Castello di Unterwalden ( Unterwalden Castle), derived from its owner, the federal state of Nidwalden . From 1818 the name Castello Santa Barbara was also common.
In 1422 the Duchy of Milan conquered the city of Bellinzona from the Confederates . Before the Battle of Giornico in 1478, the Confederates tried in vain to retake the city. A defense tower is said to have been located on the Sasso Corbaro hill as early as 1400 . On various occasions, experts from Milan suggested that the site be fortified, as it left a loophole in the defense concept. Corresponding construction work began in 1479 and in the same year a small garrison could be quartered for the first time. The building was completed in 1482, and in times of peace it was also used as a prison .
In 1500 Bellinzona submitted to the rule of the Confederates , in 1503 the Peace of Arona confirmed the new balance of power. The estates Uri , Schwyz and Nidwalden divided the three castles among themselves in 1506, with Nidwalden receiving the Castello di Sasso Corbaro. The people of Nidwalden contented themselves with stationing a small garrison for the security and police service, but gradually left the castle to decay. In 1803 it became the property of the newly founded Canton of Ticino. Around 1900 there were first efforts to preserve the castle as a monument. Extensive restoration work took place in 1963/64 and from 1998 to 2006.
Building
The castle is located on a rock spur around 600 meters east of the old town. The main building presents itself as a square with a side length of around 25 meters, with square towers protruding from the northeast and southwest corners. The castle was designed in such a way that an all-round defense was possible. On all sides the wall has a battlement with machicolations and dovetail battlements , as does the tower in the southwest corner. The entrance to the courtyard shows traces of a portcullis and the locking device. A residential wing is leaning against the south and west side of the inner courtyard. Remains of kennels and ancillary buildings can be found south and west of the core castle.
From 1964 to 1998, a branch of the cantonal art and folk culture museum was housed on the upper floor of the north-eastern main tower. This area is now used for temporary exhibitions and has also been home to the Sala Emma Poglia since 1989 , an art-historically valuable mansion from the 17th century with Baroque paneling and a soapstone oven . The room originally comes from the Valle di Blenio and was exhibited in Castelgrande from 1944.
literature
- Werner Meyer, Patricia Cavadini-Bielander: The castles of Bellinzona . Ed .: Society for Swiss Art History . Swiss art guide GSK, volume 866 / 867th Bern 2010, ISBN 978-3-85782-866-9 .
- Simona Martinoli u. a .: Guida d'arte della Svizzera italiana. Edited by the Society for Swiss Art History , Edizioni Casagrande, Bellinzona 2007, ISBN 978-88-7713-482-0 .
Web links
- World Heritage Site
- Museum website
- Castle world: Castello di Sasso Corbaro
- Portrait on swisscastles.ch
Individual evidence
- ^ Simona Martinoli et al. a .: Guida d'arte della Svizzera italiana , (ed. GSK), Edizioni Casagrande, Bellinzona 2007, ISBN 978-88-7713-482-0 , pp. 21-23.
- ^ Castello di Sasso Corbaro
- ^ A b Meyer, Cavadini-Bielander: The castles of Bellinzona. P. 34.
- ↑ Meyer, Cavadini-Biel Ander: The castles of Bellinzona. Pp. 10-12.
- ↑ Meyer, Cavadini-Biel Ander: The castles of Bellinzona. Pp. 12-16.
- ↑ Meyer, Cavadini-Biel Ander: The castles of Bellinzona. Pp. 35-36.