Cerro Hudson
| Cerro Hudson | ||
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 Aerial view of Cerro Hudson volcano 1991 |
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| height | 1905 m | |
| location | Aisen , Chile | |
| Mountains | To the | |
| Coordinates | 45 ° 53 '59 " S , 72 ° 57' 59" W | |
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| Type | Stratovolcano | |
| Last eruption | 2011 | |
The Cerro Hudson , also Volcán Hudson , is a 1905 m high active stratovolcano in Chile . It is located in the Región de Aisén 100 km northwest of Chile Chico .
Historical eruptions
His volcanic eruption in 1991 was one of the strongest eruptions in the last century with a magnitude 5 on the Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI). The largest eruptions before that were 4750 BC. Chr. And 1890. Smaller eruptions followed in 1891 and 1971 (VEI: 3).
The eruption from August to October 1991 threw 7.6 km³ of loose volcanic matter ( tephra ) into the air. Parts of the glaciers melted, so that a huge mudslide ( lahar ) poured into the valleys. The residents were evacuated beforehand. The ash spread over large areas of Chile , Argentina and the Falkland Islands .
The Chilean cities of Chile Chico and Puerto Ingeniero Ibáñez were covered with large amounts of ash.
The huge eruption went largely unnoticed due to the almost simultaneous eruption of the Pinatubo volcano in the Philippines . The emission of sulfur dioxide and other aerosols exceeded the Pinatubo eruption.
Web links
- Cerro Hudson in the Global Volcanism Program of the Smithsonian Institution (English)
- Scasso, Roberto A .; Corbella, Hugo and Tiberi, Pedro (1994) "Sedimentological analysis of the tephra from the August 12-15, 1991 eruption of Hudson volcano" Bulletin of volcanology 56 (2): pp. 121-132, doi : 10.1007 / BF00304107