Chaetothyriales

Chaetothyriales
Herbarium evidence for Chaetothyrium straussiae
Systematics
Sub-kingdom : Dikarya Department : Ascomycota mushrooms Subdivision : Real ascent mushrooms (Pezizomycotina) Class : Eurotiomycetes Subclass : Chaetothyriomycetidae Order : Chaetothyriales
Scientific name
Chaetothyriales
ME Barr

The Chaetothyriales are an order of the hose mushrooms and consist of two quite different families, the Chaetothyriaceae and Herpotriciellaceae .

features

The species of the order form a dark mycelium , which in the Chaetothyriaceae is formed as a loose network of hyphae, in the Herpotrichiellaceae as an inconspicuous mycelium. The fruiting bodies are perithecia . The hemathecium consists of short periphysoids . The asci open fissitunicat. The spores are hyaline to light gray, transversely septate to muriform.

Anamorphic ones are characterized by melanized hyphae. Some forms also form yeast-like, meristematic, and thread-like forms. The conidia are formed annellidically, phialidically or blastically.

Way of life

The Chaetothyriales do not form lichens . The Chaetothyriaceae are epiphytes, although it is unclear whether they live saprobionic or biotrophic . The Herpotrichiellaceae are saprobionts, some anamorphs are pathogens in animals, including humans.

distribution

While the Chaetothyriaceae occur mainly in the tropics on leaves and bark, the Herpotrichiellaceae are found worldwide. The sexual forms grow on dead plants and on wood, the vegetative forms (anamorphic) are very widespread and can also be found in bath water, on plants and in the soil.

Systematics

External system

The Chaetothyriales belong to the subclass of the Chaetothyriomycetidae and are a natural related group, a monophyletic taxon. The subclass cladogram looks like this:

	Chaetothyriales      Verrucariales      Pyrenulales

Internal system

Eriksson lists two families with the following genera for the order:

• Chaetothyriaceae
  • Actinocymbe
  • Ceramothyrium
  • Chaetothyrium
  • Euceramia
  • Microcallis
  • Phaeosaccardinula
  • Treubiomyces
  • Yatesula
• Herpotrichiellaceae
  • Capronia
  • Pleomelogramma

meaning

Some types of Herpotrichiellaceae, so-called black yeasts, are pathogens and affect the skin and the nervous system.

supporting documents

• David M. Geiser et al: Eurotiomycetes: Eurotiomycetidae and Chaetothyriomycetidae. In: Mycologia. Volume 98, 2006, pp. 1053-1064.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ David M. Geiser et al .: Eurotiomycetes: Eurotiomycetidae and Chaetothyriomycetidae , 2006.
2. ^ OE Eriksson (Ed.): Outline of Ascomycota - 2006 In: Myconet , Volume 12, 2006, pp. 1-82. (online html)

Web links

Commons : Chaetothyriales  - collection of images, videos and audio files