Charles des Moulins

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Charles Robert Alexandre des Moulins , also Desmoulins , (born March 13, 1798 in Southampton , † December 23, 1875 in Bordeaux ) was a French botanist and malacologist . Its official botanical author abbreviation is “ Des Moul. "

Live and act

His father emigrated to England as a royalist in 1790 and accompanied the Duke of Angouleme to Spain as an advisor. Des Moulins attended high school (Lycée) in France. Even as a young man he dealt with many areas of natural history (zoology, botany, geology, mineralogy) and also composed for piano. His main job was at customs until around 1830. By marrying the daughter of a former mayor of Bordeaux (de Gourgue), he was financially independent and devoted himself to science, art and literature. He lived in Bordeaux and had a country house in Lanquais near Bergerac .

Under the influence of the Breton art historian Arcisse de Caumont , he also dealt with medieval art history and architecture. Both worked closely together, were active in the French archaeological society founded by Caumont and in the Institut des Provinces, which he founded, in which Caumont bundled the activities of French scientists outside the metropolis of Paris. Among other things, he published a treatise on the depictions of plants in medieval architecture.

He was president of the Linnaeus Society (Société linnéenne de Bordeaux) founded in Bordeaux in 1815 , of which he had been a member since 1825, and had a reputation as both a botanist and a mollusc researcher. He first described some snails and the Christ thorn (Euphorbia) among plants . Like the Pyrenees researcher and botanist Louis Ramond de Carbonnières , he researched the flora on the Pic du Midi de Bigorre in the Pyrenees and wrote a paper on it in 1840.

It plays a role in the history of the aquarium because around 1830 it was the first to come up with the idea of ​​keeping plants in it for oxygen supply. He himself kept freshwater snails in it. The aquarium with fish came up in the 1840s, including Nathaniel Bagshaw Ward (1791–1868), Anna Thynne (1806–1866) and Robert Warington (1807–1867) in England and William Stimson in the USA and Félix Dujardin (1802–1860) pioneers in France. Moulins also published about his discovery.

The bellied diaper snail ( Vertigo moulinsiana ) was named in his honor. He first described Chondrina bigorriensis, among others .

He was a member of the Academy of Sciences and Fine Arts of Bordeaux. In 1861 he became an elected member of the American Philosophical Society .

Fonts

  • Catalog raisonné des plantes phanérogames de la Dordogne, Bordeaux 1849, Gallica
  • Études sur les échinides, 1831
  • État de la vegetation sur le Pic du Midi de Bigorre on October 17, 1840, Bordeaux 1844
  • Considérations sur la Flore murale, Caen 1845

literature

  • Jean-Jacques Amigo, "Des Moulins (Charles, Robert, Alexandre de Gaux)", in Nouveau Dictionnaire de biographies roussillonnaises, vol. 3 Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre, Perpignan, Publications de l'olivier, 2017, 915 p. ( ISBN 9782908866506 )
  • Jean-Marie-Guillaume de Castelnau d'Essenault: Éloge de M. Charles des Moulins . In: Actes de l'Académie nationale des sciences, belles-lettres et arts de Bordeaux (=  3 ). tape 38 , 1876, p. 538-584 ( online [accessed Aug. 7, 2015]).
  • Émile Druilhet-Lafargue: A la mémoire de M. Charles Des Moulins, commandeur de l'ordre de Saint-Grégoire-le-Grande, sous-directeur honoraire de l'Institut des provinces de France (région du Sud-Ouest) etc. , etc. décédé à Bordeaux le 23 décembre 1875. A. Roussin, Bordeaux 1876 ( online [accessed August 6, 2015]).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Albert J. Klee, Who invented the Aquarium?, Aquarium Hobby Historical Society, 2012, pdf
  2. ↑ Des Moulins, Note sur les moyens d'empécher la corruption dans les bocaux où l'on conserve des animaux aquatiques vivans, Actes de la Société Linnéenne de Bordeaux, Volume 4, 1830, pp. 257-272
  3. ↑ Des Moulins, Notices sur la ponte de la Planaire lactée, Actes de la Société Linnéenne de Bordeaux, Volume 4, 1830, pp. 114-142
  4. ^ Member History: Charles Desmoulins. American Philosophical Society, accessed July 13, 2018 .
personal data
SURNAME Moulins, Charles des
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Moulins, Charles Robert Alexandre des (full name); Moulins, Charles Desmoulins
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French botanist and malacologist
DATE OF BIRTH March 13, 1798
PLACE OF BIRTH Southampton
DATE OF DEATH December 23, 1875
Place of death Bordeaux