Charles Estienne

Anatomical illustrations from De dissectione (1545)

Charles Estienne (Latinized: Carolus Stephanus ; English: Charles Stephens ; * approx. 1505 in Paris ; † 1564/65 ibid) was a French anatomist , publisher and printer.

Life

Charles Estienne was the son of the Parisian printer Henri Estienne (Henricus Stephanus). Charles Estienne enjoyed a humanistic school education. He then went to Padua, where he became interested in botany, horticulture and medicine. He returned to Paris and studied medicine. In 1542 the medical doctorate took place. Between 1544 and 1547 he taught as an anatomist at the Medical Faculty in Paris. He became known in medicine through his work "De dissectione partium corporis humani libri tres", in which he modified Galen at some points. He is one of the first to describe the venous valves . Estienne's work was illustrated with woodcuts. It emphasizes the autopsy and shows similarities with the work of the anatomist Andreas Vesal .

In 1550 his brother Robert Estienne had to flee because he was accused of Protestantism. Charles took over the printing company and retired to publishing activities. Ten years later he was charged with embezzling his brother's inheritance. In the imprisonment that he had to serve in 1561, he survived only a short time.

Charles Estienne left behind a daughter, the writer Nicole Estienne .

Works (selection)

• De latinis et graecis nominibus arborum, fruticum, herbarum, piscium & avium . Theobald Paganus. Paris 1536, 1545, 1547, 1554; Lyon 1548, 1552 (digitized version) ; Poitiers 1552
• De re hortensi libellus: Vulgaria herbarum, florum, ac fruticum, qui in hortis conseri solent, nomina Latinis nocibus efferre docent ex probatis autoribus . Paris 1536, 1539, 1545; Lyon 1536 (digitized) , 1545 (digitized)
• Seminarium sive plantarium earum arborum, quae post hortos conseri solent . Paris 1536 (digitized) 1540 (digitized)
  • Pietro Lauro (translator). Seminario de gli alberi . Venice 1545 (digitized version)
• Vinetum in quo varia vitium, uvarum ... nomina ... continentur . Franciscus Stephanus, Paris 1537 (digitized version)
• De dissectione partium corporis humani libri tres . Simon Colineum, Paris 1545 (digitized) (digitized) (digitized)
  • La dissection des parties du corps humain divisee en trois livres . Simon de Colines, Paris 1546 (digitized version)
• Agriculture et maison rustique . Jaques du Puis, Paris 1564 (digitized version ) ; 1567 (digitized version) ; 1583 (digitized version)
  • Melchior Sebisch (translator). XV. Books from the Feldbaw and a very perfect wolf order of a wholesome country seat . Lazarus, Strasbourg 1592 (digitized version) ; 1607 (digitized version)

Anatomical illustrations from: De dissectione partium corporis humani libri tres . Simon Colineum, Paris 1545

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literature

• CLF Panckoucke (ed.). Dictionnaire des sciences médicales. Biographie médicale , Volume IV Paris 1821, pp. 62–63 (digitized version )
• Ernst Julius Gurlt and August Hirsch (eds). Biographical lexicon of the outstanding doctors of all times and peoples. Volume II, Urban & Schwarzenberg, Vienna and Leipzig 1885, p. 308 (digitized version)
• Amédée Dechambre (ed.). Dictionnaire encyclopédique des sciences médicales . Volume 36, G. Masson and P. Asselin, Paris 1888, p. 96 (digitized version)
• Wolfgang U. Eckart : Estienne (Stephanus), Charles, in: Wolfgang U. Eckart and Christoph Gradmann (Hrsg.): Ärztelexikon. From antiquity to the present , 3rd edition Springer Heidelberg, 2006, pp. 111–112. Medical glossary 2006 , doi : 10.1007 / 978-3-540-29585-3 .
• K. Markatos, D. Chytas, D. Korres, K. Laios, G. Androutsos, E. Chronopoulos: Historical vignette: Charles Estienne (1504–1564): His Life, Work, and Contribution to Anatomy and the First Discritiption of the Canal in the Spinal Cord , World Neurosurgery, Volume 100, April 2017, pp. 186–1689, digitized

Web links

• Historical Anatomies on the Web: Charles Estienne: De Dissectione , accessed April 25, 2019.
• Digital copies of the Munich Digitization Center (MDZ)
• Works by and about Charles Estienne  in the German Digital Library

Individual evidence

1. ^ Charles Estienne. De dissectione partium corporis humani libri tres . Simon Colineum, Paris 1545, pp. 180, 242 and 279 (digitized)
2. ↑ Wolfgang U. Eckart : History of Medicine. Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg / New York 1990; 3rd, revised edition, ibid 1998, p. 177.
3. ↑ Wolfgang U. Eckart: Estienne (Stephanus), Charles, in: Wolfgang U. Eckart and Christoph Gradmann (ed.): Ärztelexikon. From antiquity to the present , 3rd edition Springer Heidelberg, 2006, p. 111.