Cholamonas cyrtodiopsidis
| Cholamonas cyrtodiopsidis | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Cholamonas cyrtodiopsidis | ||||||||||||
| Flavin et al., 2000 | ||||||||||||
Cholamonas cyrtodiopsidis is a flagellate from the Cercomonadida group . It is the only species in the genus Cholamonas and lives in the digestive tract of sessile-eyed flies .
features
Cholamonas is the only representative of the Cercomonadida to have four flagella : two long (one to 1.5 times the body length) and two short. They attach to the cells subapically. The short flagella have very short axonemata , which consist of nine individual microtubules .
The cells are 5 to 8 micrometers long and 2 to 5 micrometers wide. They have no cell envelope and a cell nucleus that is in close contact with the basal bodies . In front of the cell nucleus there are dictyosomes , behind it a reticulated, paranuclear body ( microbody ). In the cytoplasm there are two types of refractive grains that correspond to the "mushroom-like bodies" of Katabia .
In the trophic state, the cells have mitochondria arranged longitudinally in the cell periphery . These have tube-type cristae. There are no known contractile vacuoles . The kinetids have one or more backward-facing compound roots; They also lack a microtubule cone around the nucleus. Each kinetide consists of two symmetrical subunits, each with two basal bodies . Other fibers and ligaments are associated with the basal bodies.
Pseudopodia are only briefly formed in the rear cell area at the time of eating.
Lifestyle and diet
Cholamonas is the only representative of the Cercomonadida that lives endobiotically in the digestive tract of a petiye fly. Here it feeds on yeasts , which are ingested through the rapid formation of pseudopodia.
Systematics
The genus is placed in the order of the Cercomonadida due to some ultrastructural features : the presence of a microbody and the kinetid structure. Due to the lack of a microtubule cone and the only temporary formation of pseudopodia, it could be related to the genus Heteromita and is therefore part of the Heteromitidae family .
The genus was neither in the molecular genetic study of the Cercozoa by Cavalier-Smith and Chao nor by Bass et al. included.
supporting documents
- Alexander P. Myl'nikov, Serguei A. Karpov: Review of diversity and taxonomy of cercomonads. In: Protistology. Vol. 3, No. 4, 2004, ISSN 1680-0826 , pp. 201-217, online (PDF; 249 kB) .
- Martin Flaven, Charles J. O'Kelly, Thomas A. Nerad, Gerald Wilkinson: Cholamonas cyrtodiopsidis gen. N., Sp. n. (Cercomonadida), an Endo-commensal, Mycophagous Heterotrophic Flagellate with a Doubled Kinetid . Acta Protozoologica, Volume 39, 2000, pp. 51ff.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Thomas Cavalier-Smith, Ema E.-Y. Chao: Phylogeny and Classification of Phylum Cercozoa (Protozoa) . Protist, Volume 154, 2003, pp. 341-358, doi : 10.1078 / 143446103322454112
- ↑ David Bass, David Moreira, Purificacion Lopez-Garcıa, Stephane Polet, Ema E. Chao, Sophie von der Heyden, Jan Pawlowski, Thomas Cavalier-Smith: Polyubiquitin Insertions and the Phylogeny of Cercozoa and Rhizaria . Protist, Volume 156, 2005, pp. 149-161, doi : 10.1016 / j.protis.2005.03.001