Christian August Blezinger

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Christian August Blezinger (born January 24, 1811 in Ernsbach ; † April 8, 1894 in Stuttgart ) was an ironworks owner in Ernsbach and later a cotton manufacturer in Urspring .

Origin and education

Christian August Blezinger was a son of Christian Friedrich (Philipp) Blezinger and Johanna Friederike Blezinger. The Blezinger family had been running iron hammers in Königsbronn for four generations. The founding father of the family business was August Blezinger's great-grandfather named Johann Georg Blezinger (1717–1795).

August Blezinger visited the Lyceum in Öhringen and then studied metallurgy and engineering at the Polytechnic in Karlsruhe, today the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT).

After the death of his father († October 25, 1829 at the age of 61), his brother-in-law, who was seventeen years older than him (he was 35 years old), became Dr. Karl Ludwig Wilhelm von Hofacker designated as his guardian. He married August Blezinger's older sister Jeanette Sofie Christiane (born Oehringen December 2, 1808, † September 20, 1866) on March 2, 1829.

After completing his studies, he practiced in the factory of the Lossen family in Michelbach in the Odenwald . After his internship, he expanded his knowledge by traveling extensively with his friend, a son of the Lossen family. In Upper Silesia he visited the works of Laurahütte, Gleiwitz and Kattowitz. In Gleiwitz he learned about the first coke-powered blast furnace there. From Wroclaw he also visited the Polish iron and steel works. Then he moved to the industrial area in the Rhineland and to Lorraine. In France he visited the Creusot works . On his return journey he stayed in Paris and Avignon.

Iron manufacturer in Ernsbach

After the end of his travels he renewed the ironworks in Ernsbach, also built a copper hammer, but sold everything in 1853. The main cause was the technological change due to the use of coke instead of charcoal and the relocation of the iron industry to the coke deposits in Silesia and the Rhineland.

Factory owner in Urspring from 1852 to 1859

Blezinger's mother Friederike was the main creditor of Georg Reichenbach's cotton weaving mill, which had gone bankrupt . She bought the property on January 30, 1852, with the intention of handing the factory over to her son August. On June 30, 1853, she handed over the entire factory in Urspring in a will to her son August with effect from May 23, 1855 at an amount of thirteen thousand guilders. Because of the factory equipment, movables, supplies and the inventory generally located in Urspring, she reserved the right to make special arrangements.

The factory equipment from 1852 to 1861/62

In 1852, with the takeover of the factory by Blezinger, the factory entered its third construction phase: in that year the failed artificial bleaching in the mill and in the brewery was removed and the looms from the cloister wings were transferred back to this farm building. The cloister, in which the weaving mill was located until 1852, and the monastery church were apparently empty.

The factory equipment in the mill in 1852 consisted of the following machines with a total value of 10,140 guilders (fl):

Facility Value in guilders (fl)
the waterwheel including engine with tambours, belts etc. 2,000 fl
3 sizing machines with sets of 600 bottles 1,800 fl
3 warping machines with trimmings, including one with an iron frame of 150 fl 450 fl
2 winding machines with sets of 150 fl 300 fl
48 iron mechanical looms with sets of 100 fl 4,800 fl
22 wooden mechanical looms of 30 fl 660 fl
1 firmly nailed lathe 50 fl
1 pump machine also permanently attached to the building 30 fl
a regulator firmly attached to the house with nail and tape 50 fl

With a decree of April 23, 1858, the authorities granted Blezinger permission to set up a steam boiler. The steam boiler was used to generate hot steam, with which the factory rooms were heated.

Blezinger continued the demolition of monastery buildings, which had already started after 1806 and was continued by Georg Reichenbach, to a greater extent. He had the following demolished: in 1852 the convent house (north of the inn or hospital); 1855 the priory, later the caretaker's apartment; In 1856/57 the ox barn, added to the tithe barn, and in 1857 the blacksmith's workshop, added to the lower gate.

After the crisis of 1847/48 was over, sales of cotton products recovered. The Crimean War from October 17, 1854 (beginning of the siege of Sevastopol) to the conclusion of peace in Paris on March 18, 1856 lasted a year and a half. It caused the so-called First Great Depression . The price of raw cotton in France peaked in 1860/61, mainly due to the restriction of shipping in the Mediterranean. It should not have been much different in Germany; Here wholesale prices rose by 37 percent from 1851 to their peak in 1857.

In a purchase contract dated March 14, 1859, Christian August Blezinger sold the Urspring and factory equipment for 24,000 guilders to the manufacturer Louis Gans of St. Gallen, bourgeois in Offenbach am Main. On March 15, 1859, the entire property passed to the buyer.

Retirement in Stuttgart

After the sale of Urspring (at the age of 48) he settled in Stuttgart as a privateer and bought a house there on Tübinger Strasse ("am Lindle") and later in Silberburgstrasse 183. He was a co-founder of the bleaching, dyeing and finishing company in Uhingen , where later his son Karl Friedrich became a member of the supervisory board. He was also on the Supervisory Board of Württembergische Sparkasse for many years ; for his services to this institution he was awarded the title of "Kommerzienrat" by the king.

family

Christian August Blezinger married in Öhringen on June 20, 1837 Elise Weyler, b. Öhringen December 14, 1814, daughter of Johann Friedrich Weyler, businessman in Öhringen, and his wife Susanna Rosina Fauß or Faust. Blezinger died in Stuttgart on April 8, 1894, his wife there on May 25, 1903. The children came from the marriage:

  • Klara, b. Ernsbach April 1, 1838, oo Wilhelm Künstle, banker in Stuttgart, † April 20, 1837
  • Maria, born Öhringen May 3, 1839, † September 17, 1842
  • Karl Friedrich , called Fritz , b. (Öhringen?) August 25, 1840, merchant, oo NN, † March 31, 1922
  • Agnes, b. Ernsbach May 20, 1842, oo April 28, 1868 Heinrich von Reibel, last lieutenant general and commander of the Landjägerkorps, † Stuttgart January 14, 1927
  • Karl Philipp August, b. (Öhringen?) October 11, 1843, † March 5, 1888
  • Maria Elise, b. Ernsbach February 2, 1845, oo Moritz von Rauch, factory owner in Heilbronn, † December 26, 1913
  • Gustav Adolf , engineer, b. Ernsbach November 14, 1846, oo Braunfels (Lahn) 1881 Thusnelde Anna Henr. Pickhardt (1858–1934), daughter of the court pharmacist Pickhardt in Braunfels and Regine Hintze, † Ludwigsburg April 5, 1927

literature

  • Klaus Brügelmann (1987), Urspring as a factory. In: Urspring News 1987 . Schelklingen: Ursprunging School Foundation, pp. 23–26.
  • Immo Eberl, with the collaboration of Irmgard Simon and Franz Rothenbacher (edit.) (2012), The families and civil status cases in the parishes of the town of Schelklingen and Ursprunging monastery (1602–1621, 1657–) 1692–1875 . 2nd edition Mannheim: self-published.
  • Eugen Gäckle and Hans Blezinger (1928), The Blezinger Family: Biographical and Historical Facts from 3 Centuries . Uhingen: Self-published by the author.
  • Bernhard Hell (1935), History of the Urspring Monastery: A Contribution to Local History . Kassel: Bärenreiter-Verlag.
  • Wilhelm Heusel (1940), Johann Georg Blezinger. In: Hermann Haering and Max Miller (eds.), Schwäbische Lebensbilder vol. 1. Stuttgart: W. Kohlhammer, pp. 31–37. (to the great-grandfather of Christian August Blezinger)
  • Dieter Ising (2002), Johann Christoph Blumhardt: Life and Work . Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
  • Alfred Jacobs and Hans Richter (1935), The wholesale prices in Germany from 1792 to 1934 . Berlin: Hanseatische Verlagsanstalt Hamburg (special issues of the Institute for Economic Research, No. 37).
  • Marcel Lenoir (1912/13), Prix: production et consommation de quelques marchandises (charbon, blé, coton, café). Bulletin de la Statistique General de la France . Tome II, Octobre 1912 – Juillet 1913. Paris: Librairie Félix Alcan, 172-214.
  • Werner Rall (undated), History of the Rall family . Unpublished manuscript. (Partial copy in the Schelklingen City Archives)
  • Hans Rosenberg (1934, reprint 1974), The World Economic Crisis 1857–1859 . 2nd edition Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
  • Franz Rothenbacher (2015), House book of the city of Schelklingen. Volume 2: Tables of houses . 2nd, increased edition Mannheim, Franz Rothenbacher.
  • Lars Ulrich Scholl (1978), engineers in early industrialization: state and private technicians in the Kingdom of Hanover and on the Ruhr (1815–1873) . Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht (on Adolf Blezinger 1846–1927 p. 374)
  • Günther Stökl (1990), Russian History: From the Beginnings to the Present . 5th, exp. Stuttgart edition: Alfred Kröner.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Born Westernach on September 3, 1768, died in Stuttgart on October 25, 1829, owner of the Ernsbacher Eisenhüttenwerke and associate director of the Königsbronner Werke. Christian Friedrich Blezinger married on March 13, 1802. See Gäckle and Blezinger 1928 p. 18 and the plate on the opposite page; Biography pp. 132-135.
  2. ↑ Born in Königsbronn on October 28, 1779, moved to Stuttgart as a widow in 1846, died in Stuttgart on April 20, 1866.
  3. ↑ Gäckle and Blezinger 1928 p. 9; Heusel 1940.
  4. ↑ Born Bad Wildbad 1794, † 1866, was senior justice advisor in Esslingen am Neckar, 1825–1828 government commissioner at the University of Tübingen, senior tribunal councilor, senior tribunal director in Stuttgart, 1826–1830 member of the Landtag for Welzheim , president of the Court of Cassation in Stuttgart; see. Ising 2002 p. 43. His brother was Ludwig Hofacker (1798–1828), a Lutheran clergyman from Württemberg.
  5. ↑ Gäckle and Blezinger 1928 p. 132f.
  6. ↑ Gäckle and Blezinger 1928 p. 132f.
  7. ↑ Hell 1935 p. 67 describes "Bletzinger" (sic!) As a Swiss. Since this information is based on verbal information, it must have been confused with Louis Gans, who actually owned a factory in St. Gallen and lived there before he acquired Urspring in 1859.
  8. ↑ On Blezinger's work in Urspring, especially Brügelmann 1987 pp. 18–21; Gäckle and Blezinger 1928 p. 132f.
  9. ↑ StA Schelklingen Inventories and Partitions No. 263: Will of Friderike Blezinger in favor of her son August Blezinger; Handover of the factory in Urspring, Stuttgart June 30, 1853.
  10. ↑ The following from Rothenbacher 2015 pp. 610–646.
  11. ↑ Main State Archives Stuttgart E 146 Bü 2336.
  12. ↑ Rothenbacher 2015 pp. 610–646.
  13. ↑ Stökl 1990 p. 505 and 507
  14. ↑ Rosenberg 1934/1974 especially p. 138ff.
  15. ↑ Lenoir 1912/13 especially pp. 199–204 and Figure XV.
  16. ↑ Jacobs and Richter 1935 p. 40.
  17. ↑ Rall or JS 40.
  18. ↑ Gäckle and Blezinger 1928 p. 132f.
  19. ↑ Eberl et al. 2012 No. 201; Gäckle and Blezinger 1928: 18 and plate 13.
  20. ^ About him Gäckle and Blezinger 1928: 139-143.
  21. ^ About him Gäckle and Blezinger 1928: 145f; Scholl 1978 p. 374 and the article in Deutsche Biographie [1]

Web links

  • Albert Gieseler database "Mechanische Weberei Urspring, MWU" [2]
  • Database from Albert Gieseler "Bleaching, dyeing and finishing institute Stuttgart-Uhingen" [3]
personal data
SURNAME Blezinger, Christian August
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German ironworks owner and cotton manufacturer
DATE OF BIRTH January 24, 1811
PLACE OF BIRTH Ernsbach
DATE OF DEATH April 8, 1894
Place of death Stuttgart