Claude Montefiore

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Claude Montefiore, painting by Christopher Williams (1925)

Claude Joseph Goldsmid-Montefiore , also CG Montefiori (born June 6, 1858 in London ; † July 9, 1938 in London ) was a founding figure of British Reform Judaism, including as chairman of the World Union for Progressive Judaism (1926–1938) and as Founder and Editor of the Jewish Quarterly Review .

Life

Claude Montefiore came from a well-known Anglo-Jewish family (he was a great-nephew of Sir Moses Montefiore ). The father, Nathaniel Montefiore (1818-1883), had completed a medical education, but he practiced the profession of surgeon as part of his philanthropic activities at Beth Holim Hospital , without being financially dependent on it. The mother was Emma (Hannah) Lyon Goldsmid (1819-1902), a daughter of Isaac Lyon Goldsmid . Claude Joseph was the youngest of four children. Clause Montefiore had a child, Leonard Montefiore .

Claude Montefiore studied at Balliol College , Oxford and was one of Benjamin Jowett's students . He initially intended to become a rabbi and enrolled in Berlin to study at the University for the Science of Judaism , where he met Solomon Schechter . However, he broke off this training and returned to Great Britain. He became known through the Hibbert Lectures, given in Oxford ( The Origin and Growth of Religion as Illustrated by the Religion of the Ancient Hebrews , 1892).

Montefiore dealt intensively with the person of Jesus of Nazareth . He is therefore considered a pioneer in the Christian-Jewish dialogue . Montefiore saw in Jesus a Jewish prophet, whose ethical maxims he considered significant from a Jewish perspective ( The Synoptic Gospels, 1909; Some Elements of the Religious Teaching of Jesus According to the Synoptic Gospels , 1910). However, he maintained that Judaism was based on the Hebrew Bible ( Tanakh ).

Just as controversial as his preoccupation with the New Testament was Montefiore's interest in historical-critical biblical studies. Like contemporary Christian exegetes, he considered the prophets to be more important than the Pentateuch .

Publications

  • Lectures on the origin and growth of religion as illustrated by the religion of the ancient Hebrews . 1893, archive.org
  • The synoptic gospels . 1909, archive.org
  • Some elements of the religious teaching of Jesus, according to the synoptic gospels, being the Jowett lectures for 1910 . archive.org
  • Judaism and St. Paul: two essays . 1914, archive.org

literature

  • Daniel R. Langton: Claude Montefiore: his life and thought . Vallentine Mitchell, London 2002.
  • William Baird: History of New Testament Research . Volume 2: From Jonathan Edwards to Rudolf Bultmann . Fortress Press, Minneapolis 2003, pp. 254-257.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Geoffrey Cantor: Quakers, Jews, and Science: Religious Responses to Modernity and the Sciences in Britain, 1650-1900 . Oxford 2005, p. 74 .
personal data
SURNAME Montefiore, Claude
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Montefiore, Claude Joseph Goldsmid (full name); Montefiori, CG
BRIEF DESCRIPTION British publisher (Jewish Quarterly Review), chairman of the World Union for Progressive Judaism, founder of British Reform Judaism
DATE OF BIRTH June 6, 1858
PLACE OF BIRTH London
DATE OF DEATH July 9, 1938
Place of death London