Club Alpin Français
| Club Alpin Français CAF (1874–1996) Fédération des Clubs Alpins Français (1996–2004) Fédération française des clubs alpins et de montagne FFCAM since 2004 |
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|---|---|
| sport | Mountaineering Association |
| Founded | April 2, 1874 |
| Place of foundation | Paris |
| president | Nicolas Raynaud |
| societies | 400 (as of 2019) |
| Members | 100,000 (as of 2019) |
| Association headquarters | Paris , France |
| Official languages) | French |
| Homepage | ffcam.fr |
The Club Alpin Français ( CAF ), also known as the Fédération française des clubs alpins et de montagne (FFCAM; German- French Association of Alpine and Mountain Clubs ), with its headquarters in Paris is the association of mountaineering associations in France . The FFCAM is dedicated to mountaineering, hiking and other activities in the mountains. The association manages the 120 mountain huts and shelters it operates and maintains them. The former name Club Alpin Français (CAF; German French Alpine Club ), which has been used for more than a hundred years, is often still used in mountaineering circles.
The FFCAM is a member of the CAA , a member of the UIAA since 1932 and an EUMA member since 2017 . Claude Eckhardt has been an honorary member of the UIAA since 2013 . The CAF is a founding member of the multilateral agreement on reciprocal rights to huts , which was introduced in 1978.
history
The Club Alpin Français, the most important predecessor organization of today's Fédération française des clubs alpins et de montagne , was founded on April 2nd, 1874 in Paris. In 2017, the CAF had around 87,000 members in 310 sections and has 127 shelters across France and Morocco . At the beginning of the 20th century, an initiative to merge with the parallel French mountain sports association FMEE failed .
In 2004 the CAF was renamed the Fédération française des clubs alpins et de montagne . The number of affiliated sections has increased in recent years, as has the number of members, which in 2019 amounts to 100,000.
The then CAF trained mountain guides at an early age and took care of the construction and maintenance of hiking trails in the mountains. As early as 1882 it was recognized as a non-profit organization. Since 1988 the local sections of the CAF were also separate legal entities. Until a change in the structure of the association in 1996, individuals could also be direct members of the Club Alpin Français . From that point on, that was no longer possible. At the same time it was recognized as a sports association within the meaning of the French sports law with special state funding. In 2004 the name was changed to the current name Fédération française des clubs alpins et de montagne .
In 1890 the Club Alpin Français built the first refuge , the Refuge de Tuquerouye in the Pyrenees . In 1892 the first refuges were built on the route to Mont Blanc . In 1914 a total of 40 huts had already been built. It was not until 1922 that the CAF received state subsidies for the construction of the shelters. Since 1952 the members of the CAF or today the FFCAM have been paying a reduced price for the use of the refuges.
As early as 1876, the Club Alpin Français also took care of the expansion of hiking trails in the mountains. Also in 1876, the CAF began efforts to train and test mountain guides in a regulated manner. It was not until 1948 that the relevant legal regulations were enacted. In 1884, members of the Alpine Club discovered the possibility of climbing the mountains with snowshoes in winter. In 1890 the first ski tours were carried out in France; The first ski club was founded in 1895.
The first mountain rescue service was set up in 1910, but it was not until 1947 that the local initiatives were coordinated centrally. In 1955 the first helicopter was available for mountain rescue. Under the impression of unsuccessful attempts to rescue two mountaineers on Mont Blanc around the turn of the year 1956/57, the state took over the organization of the mountain rescue from August 1958. At this point in time, the Club Alpin Français had installed 22 rescue posts.
In 1920 the CAF, together with the Automobile Club and the Touring Club de France, founded the Union nationale des associations de tourisme et de plein air ( German National Association of Tourism and Outdoor Associations ) to represent the then national tourism authority. The CAF has also been a member of the Union Internationale des Associations d'Alpinisme since it was founded in 1932 and a member of the Club Arc Alpin .
In 1920 the first chalets were founded by the CAF as the forerunners of today's holiday homes. In 1979 the first refuge received a power supply from solar cells. By 2009, 82 shelters will be supplied with electricity in this way.
In 1979, the Club Alpin Français was only saved from bankruptcy by a state grant after an expedition it carried out on the K2 revealed significant financial gaps.
The first climbing hall in France was built in 1982 in the sports hall of a high school, initially only accessible to the pupils and later also to friends of the school. The first climbing gym in France open to the public opened in 1992.
In 1983 the Touring Club de France was dissolved. The Club Alpin Français takes over some of the mountain huts from him.
tasks
The local sections of the FFCAM carry out all sports and activities in the area of the mountains: mountaineering, climbing, hiking, skiing in all its forms (ski touring, downhill skiing, cross-country skiing), snowshoeing, canyoning, paragliding and mountain biking. The FFCAM also supports caving in the mountains. There are also training courses for young people and adults in mountaineering, skiing and other sports.
Since the founding of the Club Alpin Français , it has endeavored to preserve the mountain environment, taking into account the interests of mountain residents, but also of tourists. For this purpose in 1977 the Commission Nationale de Protection de la Montagne du Club Alpin ( German National Commission of the mountain clubs for the protection of the mountains ). At the suggestion of the CAF, several national parks have been established over the years.
The FFCAM has supported scientific research since its inception. Since 1903 she tried to create accurate maps of the mountains. From 1995 the Club Alpin Français, together with the Italian and Swiss Alpine Associations, took care of the uniform naming of prominent elevations and other landmarks in the Alps, including the precise determination of the topographical height. Over the years cave and glacier research has been supported. These activities are controlled by the Comité scientifique ( German Scientific Committee ).
numbers
In 2015 the FFCAM had 82,300 members and 331 affiliated local associations. It has 120 mountain huts and shelters in France and five shelters in Morocco . According to information from 2019, the number of members is now 100,000 and the number of affiliated associations 400.
Publications
Since 1874, the then CAF and now the FFCAM has published a yearbook with reports on scientific expeditions to the mountains in France and abroad. Since 1905 the monthly magazine La Montagne ( German Der Berg ) was published. In 1955, La Montagne was merged with the Alpinisme magazine published by Le Groupe de haute montagne , and was given the current name La Montagne & Alpinisme ( German: The Mountain & Alpinism ). The magazine is now published quarterly and reports on all facets of mountain sports such as cultural, economic, ecological or social aspects.
In 1980, the CAF converted its library into an open documentation center, named after former president and mountaineer Lucien Devies. In addition to all issues of the association magazine, 9,500 books are also available to those interested. Use is free of charge for members of a mountaineering club. In addition, all editions of the association journals can be viewed digitally on the Gallica portal of the French National Library .
organization
The President of the FFCAM is elected by the general assembly that meets every four years. Since 2017 this is Nicolas Raynaud. The activities of the local associations and sections are coordinated by 13 regional committees. These are also contacts for the local authorities.
President
The following table shows a chronological overview of all presidents of the Club Alpin Français (1874–1996), the Fédération des Clubs Alpins Français (1996–2004) and the Fédération française des clubs alpins et de montagne (since 2004).
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See also
- Fédération française de la montagne et de l'escalade
- Groupe de Haute Montagne
- List of refuges in the Alps
literature
- Olivier Hoibian: L'invention de l'alpinisme: la montagne et l'affirmation de la bourgeoisie cultivée, 1786–1914. 2008, p. 367.
- Olivier Hoibian: Les alpinistes en France 1870–1950. Une histoire culturelle. 2000, p. 338.
Web links
- Official website (French)
- Overview of all FFCAM refuges (French)
- Search mask for the sections of the FFCAM (French)
- Documentation Center (French)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f Qui sommes-nous? Fédération française des clubs alpins et de montagne, 25 September 2019, accessed on 15 November 2019 (in French).
- ^ Alpenverein.de: European mountaineering umbrella organization EUMA founded in Munich
- ↑ Club-Arc-Alpin.eu: Fédération Française des Clubs Alpins et de Montagne (FFCAM)
- ↑ a b L'esprit Club alpin est toujours là, plus actuel que jamais! Les 140 ans du club alpin français… FFCAM, accessed on November 15, 2019 (French).
- ^ FFCAM - Le Club Alpin Français - 1874 à 1914. Center fédéral de documentation Lucien Devies, accessed on October 23, 2019 (French).
- ↑ La spéléologie à la FFCAM
- ↑ L'Atlas national des fédérations sportives 2015. (PDF) Ministére de Sports, April 13, 2016, p. 9 , accessed on October 11, 2019 (French).
- ↑ Bienvenue dans nos refuges et chalets. FFCAM, accessed October 11, 2019 (French).
- ↑ Histoire de la revue. (History of Magazines). FFCAM, accessed October 20, 2019 (French).
- ^ Nicolas Raynaud est élu président de la FFCAM. FFCAM, 2017, accessed November 16, 2019 (French).