Clusorth-Bramhar
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Clusorth-Bramhar
City of Lingen (Ems)
Coordinates: 52 ° 35 ′ 11 ″ N , 7 ° 22 ′ 9 ″ E
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| Area : | 9.1 km² |
| Residents : | 863 (Jan. 1, 2018) |
| Population density : | 95 inhabitants / km² |
| Postal code : | 49811 |
| Area code : | 05963 |
Clusorth-Bramhar is located in the northern part of Lingen in the state of Lower Saxony . Clusorth-Bramhar borders in the south on the town of Brögbern , in the west on Biene, in the east on Bawinkel and in the north on Bramhar (Geeste) .
history
Clusorth-Bramhar is located on a ridge of the Geestrand along the Ochsenbruch, a former flat moor that has been drained by intensive cultivation measures since the middle of the 19th century.
The village has always formed the southwestern area of the Bawinkel parish and was part of the Bawinkeler Mark. As recently as 1555, the two peasant groups did not appear by name. The Beschrivinge of the Niedergrafschaft Lingen, a regal income register from the years 1555–1592, expressly states that the parish of Bawinkel has no peasant communities. The settlement must have taken place at the latest in the 15th century, isolated farms will probably have existed earlier. A list of residents for the Bawinkel parish from 1555 lists numerous farms that were located in what is now the municipality of Clusorth-Bramhar and some of them still exist today.
After the Thirty Years' War , the population grew rapidly. The later sons could not be settled with an independent position because of the lack of land. The right of inheritance, according to which only the eldest son inherits, should prevent the farms from being dismembered. With the Heuerleuten a new, rural class developed, which soon outnumbered the peasant class and formed the largest population group in Clusorth-Bramhar until the 1950s. The hirelands rented a small farm house from the farmer with a few acres of land for their own cultivation. The hiring man paid the farmer an annual rent in cash and also had to provide the farmer with work at any time on demand. Most of the hiring workers hired themselves for part of the year as so-called “Holland-goers” in the Netherlands , under the most difficult conditions, mainly as peat cutters and grass mowers.
In 1816, based on statements made by residents of the time, it was established that the Clusorth and Bramhar peasant communities were separate entities, each with a local chief, "from time immemorial". Under French rule (1807-1813) these self-employment had to be given up. The reason for this first "territorial and administrative reform" in the history of Clusorth-Bramhar was probably the small number of inhabitants. In the same year an application was made for the appointment of a mayor for the larger Clusorth-Bramhar unit.
In the mid-19th century, many Clusorth-Bramhar residents emigrated to North America. Mainly it was hiring workers who found very bad living conditions at home and hoped for a better future in North America. In just 25 years, from 1840 to 1865, over 100 residents emigrated. In 1850 Clusorth-Bramhar numbered 325 souls. The number of pupils at the Bramhar School halved from 80 in 1850 to just 40 in 1859/60.
In 1871 the four parishes of Bawinkel, Plankorth, Duisenburg and Clusorth-Bramhar founded the Bawinkel parish. In the future, certain municipal tasks should be carried out by a larger political unit. The area of responsibility of the Bawinkel municipality comprised poor relief, fire extinguishing, the fight against infectious diseases in humans and epidemics in cattle as well as administrative expenses. This foresighted and necessary measure had a beneficial effect on the development of the Bawinkel parish in the period that followed. For financial reasons, the individual member communities would hardly have been able to adequately fulfill the tasks assigned to them. This new administrative unit was to last for almost a century.
From the 1890s onwards, several new businesses were built in Clusorth along the Chaussee (now B213). Infrastructural anchor facilities in this quarter were the Clusorther Mühle cooperative founded in 1897 and the train station opened in 1904.
The National Socialist period from 1933 to 1945 also left its mark on Clusorth-Bramhar. The majority of the population behaved passively and apolitically. But there were also residents who were committed to the Nazi state and held offices in the NSDAP and other state-controlled organizations. The entries from that time have been preserved in the chronicle of the local school. The Nazi propaganda is unmistakable in the reports. So z. B. reported from 1938: “On April 10, 1938, the German people walked to the ballot box in unanimous unity to confirm their commitment to Adolf Hitler and the Greater German Reich with the ballot. In our congregation, too, there was a unanimous yes for the Führer (note: 267 votes). "
In the first few years after the Second World War , the municipality of Clusorth-Bramhar recorded a surge in population. Numerous refugee families from eastern Germany had to be taken in. The population increased from 499 on May 17, 1939 to 659 in 1950.
On March 1, 1974, the municipality of Clusorth-Bramhar was incorporated into the town of Lingen (Ems) as part of the regional reform. With the incorporation, a local council was set up with the local mayor as chairman.
Since the 1960s, various new development areas have been designated in Clusorth-Bramhar, starting with the "rose garden". At the same time, numerous clubs were founded, sports facilities were created and in 1987 the newly built gymnasium was opened. In 1951 the Bramhar Chapel Building Association was founded, which was responsible for building the Marienkapelle, which was completed in 1956, and which it maintains to this day.
Population development
| year | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 |
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| Residents | 722 | 775 | 870 | 876 |
Place name
Clusorth got its place name from the farm Klus ("Cluis"), an older farm around which a settlement was formed later. The court name “Cluis” (Klus) indicates a small field chapel or hermitage. The addition “place” refers to a point. This will have been a courtyard that was at one end, at the top of a property. With regard to Clusorth it can be assumed that the body concerned must have been the Klus-Hof. This property was on the outskirts of the Bawinkel parish. The High German word “place” meaning “place” does not come into consideration for the origin of the name. The name Bramhar is made up of the Low German word “Bram” or “Braom” for gorse and the ending “hair” for elevation or hill. Bramhar means something like gorse hill or gorse height.
swell
- Michael Surmann: On the history of the community of Clusorth-Bramhar (1997, 300 years of the Clusorth-Bramhar and Bramhar / Meppen shooting club)
- Michael Surmann: Clusorth-Bramhars way to the city of Lingen (Ems) (25 years of regional reform 1999)
- Michael Surmann: Farm and wages in Clusorth-Bramhar (local chronicle 2017)