Cohors IIII Callaecorum Lucensium

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The Cohors IV (or IIII ) Callaecorum Lucensium [equitata] ( German  4th cohort of Callaecers from the conventus Lucensis [partially mounted] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas and inscriptions. The cohort is identical to the Cohors IV (or IIII ) Lucensium listed in the inscriptions ( AE 1987, 952 , CIL 3, 600 ) and the Cohors IV Callaecorum listed in the military diploma ( CIL 16, 106 ) .

Name components

  • Callaecorum Lucensium : [the] Callaecer from the conventus Lucensis . The soldiers of the cohort were recruited from the Callaecer people in the area of ​​the conventus Lucensis (with the capital Lucus Augusti ) when the unit was established .
  • equitata : partially mounted. The unit was a mixed association of infantry and cavalry.

Since there is no evidence of the addition of milliaria (1000 men) to the name , the unit was a Cohors (quingenaria) equitata . The nominal strength of the cohort was 600 men (480 infantry and 120 horsemen), consisting of 6 centuries of infantry with 80 men each and 4 tower cavalry with 30 horsemen each.

history

The first evidence of unity in the province of Syria is based on military diplomas dated to 88 AD. In the diplomas, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Forces in Syria ) that were stationed in the province. Other diplomas, dated 91 to 156/157, prove unity in the same province.

The cohort took part in Trajan's Parthian War and possibly also in the suppression of the Bar Kochba uprising under Hadrian .

A vexillation of the unit took part in the Parthian War of Lucius Verus (161-166). It is listed in the inscription ( CIL 3, 600 ) under the name IV Lucensium as part of the units that were under the direction of Marcus Valerius Lollianus . The inscription says that Lollianus was the commander in Mesopotamia over sections of selected riders of the Alen [..] and the cohorts .

Locations

Cohort locations in Syria may have been:

  • Aleppo : The inscription ( AE 1987, 952 ) indicates the presence (of parts) of the cohort in Aleppo. In the inscription dated 108/109, the establishment of a valetudinarium by the unit is recorded. The construction of the hospital was probably done in preparation for Trajan's Parthian War.

Members of the cohort

Members of the cohort are not known.

See also

Remarks

  1. ↑ For details on the military diplomas (literature, dates etc.) see the disc page.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Margaret M. Roxan : The Auxilia of the Roman Army raised in the Iberian Peninsula Volume 1. (PDF 23.5 MB) discovery.ucl.ac.uk, 1973, pp. 68, 72-73, 467-468, 483 –484 (65, 69–70, 464–465, 480–481) , accessed September 23, 2018 .
  2. ↑ a b c d Agustín Jiménez de Furundarena: Cohors IV Callaecorum Lucensium equitata In: Hispania Antiqva. Revista de Historia Antigua XLI (2017), pp. 107–130, here pp. 107–113 ( online ).
  3. ↑ John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4 , page 86
  4. ^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 172 table 14 ( PDF p. 174 ).
  5. ↑ Florian Matei-Popescu: Two Fragments of Roman Military Diplomas Discovered on the Territory of the Republic of Moldova Dacia, NS, tome LI, Bucarest, 2007, pp. 153–159, here p. 158 ( online ).
  6. ↑ Margaret M. Roxan: The Auxilia of the Roman Army raised in the Iberian Peninsula Volume 2. (PDF 9.8 MB) discovery.ucl.ac.uk, 1973, p. 181 (760) , accessed on September 23, 2018 (English).
  7. ↑ Military diplomas of the years 88 ( AE 2006, 1838 , AE 2006, 1839 , CIL 16, 35 ), 91 ( AE 2006, 1840 , AE 2006, 1842 , AE 2006, 1843 , AE 2012, 1955 , RMD 4, 214 ), 104/106 ( AE 2006, 1834 ), 114/140 ( RMD 5, 388 ), 129 ( AE 2005, 1736 , AE 2006, 1845 , AE 2006, 1846 , AE 2006, 1851 , AE 2012, 1956 , RMD 5, 371 , RMD 5, 372 ), 129 ( AE 2006, 1845 ), 133/134 ( AE 2007, 1238 ), 134/154 ( CIL 16, 103 ), 144 ( ZPE-193-253 ), 153 ( AE 2006, 1841 ) and 156/157 ( CIL 16, 106 ).
  8. ↑ Rudolf Haensch , Peter Weiß : A difficult way. The road construction inscription by M. Valerius Lollianus from Byllis. In: Communications from the German Archaeological Institute. Roman department . Volume 118, 2012, pp. 435-454, here pp. 441-442, and pp. 448-449 ( online ).