Cohors III Gallorum (Mauretania Tingitana)

The Cohors III Gallorum [felix] ( German 3rd cohort of the Gauls [the lucky ones] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is documented by military diplomas.

Name components

Gallorum : the Gaul . The soldiers of the cohort were recruited from the various tribes of the Gauls in the Roman province of Gallia Lugdunensis when the unit was established .

felix : the lucky one or the blessed one.

equitata : partially mounted. The unit was possibly a mixed formation of infantry and cavalry. The addition is suspected in the (supplemented) military diploma of 161.

torquata : awarded with torques . The addition is suspected in the (supplemented) military diploma of 161.

Since there is no evidence of the addition to the name milliaria (1000 men), the unit was either a pure infantry cohort, a Cohors (quingenaria) peditata , with a nominal strength of 480 men, or a Cohors (quingenaria) equitata with a nominal strength of 600 men (480 infantry and 120 riders), consisting of 6 centuries of infantry with 80 men each and 4 tower cavalry with 30 riders each.

history

The cohort was stationed in the province of Mauretania Tingitana . It is listed on military diplomas for the years 153 to 156/157 AD.

The unit was probably relocated to Mauretania Tingitana to take part in the suppression of a rebellion ( Bellum Mauricum ). The first evidence of unity in Mauretania Tingitana is based on military diplomas dated to 153 AD. In the diplomas, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Armed Forces in Mauretania ) that were stationed in the province. Further diplomas, dated 154 to 156/157, prove unity in the same province.

Locations

The locations of the cohort are not known.

Members of the cohort

Members of the cohort are not known.

Other cohorts with the designation Cohors III Gallorum

There was another cohort with this name, the Cohors III Gallorum (Germania) . She is documented by military diplomas from 74 to 146 and was stationed in the provinces of Germania , Moesia and Dacia inferior .

Remarks

↑ ^a ^b According to Margaret M. Roxan , a gap to [III Gallor (um) Felix tor] q (uata) was added in the diploma ( RMD 2, 107 ), which is dated 161 . The reading at EDCS is [III Gallor (um) Felix e] q (uitata?) .

↑ ^a ^b The scenario given here follows the explanations of Ovidiu Țentea, Florian Matei-Popescu. They assume that the Cohors III Gallorum (Germania) and the Cohors III Gallorum (Mauretania Tingitana) are two different units. John Spaul, however, assumes that this is a single unit.

Individual evidence

↑ Margaret M. Roxan : Roman Military Diplomas 1978-1984 (= University of London, Institute of Archeology. Occasional Publications. Volume 9). With contributions by Helen Ganiaris and John C. Mann. Institute of Archeology, London 1985, ISBN 0-905853-16-4 , pp. 178-179, notes 6 and 7

↑ John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4 , page 151 -152, 161-162

^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 176 Table 18 ( PDF p. 178 ).

↑ Military diplomas of the years 153 ( RMD 5, 409 , RMD 5, 411 , RMM 34 , ZPE-153-202 , ZPE-162-244 , ZPE-162-251 , ZPE-197-243 ), 154 ( RMD 1, 48 ) and 156/157 ( CIL 16, 181 , CIL 16, 182 ).

↑ Peter Weiß : New Military Diplomas In: Journal for Papyrology and Epigraphik . Volume 117 (1997), pp. 227-268, here p. 255 ( PDF ).

[NA-1] According to Margaret M. Roxan , a gap to [III Gallor (um) Felix tor] q (uata) was added in the diploma ( RMD 2, 107 ), which is dated 161 . The reading at EDCS is [III Gallor (um) Felix e] q (uitata?) .

[GE-6] The scenario given here follows the explanations of Ovidiu Țentea, Florian Matei-Popescu. They assume that the Cohors III Gallorum (Germania) and the Cohors III Gallorum (Mauretania Tingitana) are two different units. John Spaul, however, assumes that this is a single unit.

[mmr-2] Margaret M. Roxan : Roman Military Diplomas 1978-1984 (= University of London, Institute of Archeology. Occasional Publications. Volume 9). With contributions by Helen Ganiaris and John C. Mann. Institute of Archeology, London 1985, ISBN 0-905853-16-4 , pp. 178-179, notes 6 and 7

[jsp-3] John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4 , page 151 -152, 161-162

[js-4] Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 176 Table 18 ( PDF p. 178 ).