Cohors III Thracum Syriaca

The Cohors III Thracum Syriaca [sagittariorum or sagittaria] [equitata] ( German 3rd cohort of the Thracian Syriaca [the archers] [partly mounted] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas and inscriptions.

Name components

Thracum : The soldiers of the cohort were recruited from the Thracian people on the territory of the Roman province of Thrace when the unit was established .

Syriaca : from the province of Syria or Syria. The addition appears in the military diplomas from 88 to 153 and inscriptions.

sagittariorum or sagittaria : the archer. The addition occurs in the military diplomas of 129.

equitata : partially mounted. The unit was a mixed association of infantry and cavalry. The addition appears in an inscription in Greek.

Since there is no evidence of the addition of milliaria (1000 men) to the name , the unit was a Cohors quingenaria equitata . The nominal strength of the cohort was 600 men (480 infantry and 120 horsemen), consisting of 6 centuries of infantry with 80 men each and 4 tower cavalry with 30 horsemen each.

history

The cohort was stationed in Syria Province . It is listed on military diplomas for the years AD 88-153.

The first evidence of unity in Syria is based on a diploma dated 88. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Armed Forces in Syria ) that were stationed in the province. Other diplomas, dated 91 to 153, prove unity in the same province.

A vexillation of the cohort may have participated in the Parthian War of Lucius Verus (161-166).

The last evidence of unity is based on an inscription dated 161/180.

Locations

The locations of the cohort are not known.

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known:

Commanders

[] Clemens: he is named on a diploma of 91 ( RMM 6 ) as a commander.
Γ. Αιτριος Σεεουηρος Κυρεινα Καμαρτος, a επαρχος
Λ. Αβουρνιος Τυσκιανος, a επαρχος (AE 1911.161)

L (ucius) Valerius Priscus, a prefect ( CIL 5, 2841 ). He was also prefect of the Ala Flaviana .
P (ublius) Valer (ius) Protogenianus, a Praepositus ( AE 1995, 1569 ). He was also prefect of the Cohors II Thracum Syriaca .

Others

[], a foot soldier: a diploma of 91 ( RMM 6 ) was issued to him.
M (arcus) Titius, a Lixa ( AE 1990, 1012 )

Agrippa, a Centurion ( AE 1900, 197 ): he was transferred from the Cohors III Thracum Syriaca to the Cohors I Chalcidenorum .

literature

John Spaul : Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4

Remarks

↑ In the inscription ( CIL 3, 600 ) a Cohors III Dacorum is listed. According to Peter Weiß , Paul Holder suggested that instead of III Dacorum there should be III Thracum I Dacorum and that the Cohors III Thracum Syriaca probably also provided a vexillation for the equestrian association of Lollianus.
↑ ^a ^b It is not clear from the diploma whether the recipient was a member of the Cohors III Thracum Syriaca or the Cohors IV Thracum Syriaca . See Barbara Pferdehirt , Roman Military Diplomas, pp. 16-17. The assignment to the Cohors III Thracum Syriaca therefore follows the reading of the EDCS .

Individual evidence

↑ Inscriptions with Syriaca ( AE 1900, 197 , AE 1990, 1012 )
↑ inscription (AE 1911.161)
^ ^A ^b John Spaul , Cohors², pp. 353-354, 377.
^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 172 Table 14 ( PDF ).
↑ Military diplomas of the years 88 ( CIL 16, 35 ), 91 ( Chiron- 2006-214 , RMM 6 , ZPE-183-234 ), 129 ( Chiron-2006-230 , Chiron-2006-233 ) and 153 ( Chiron-2006 -267 ).

↑ Peter Weiß , The auxiliaries of the Syrian army from Domitian to Antoninus Pius. An interim assessment based on the new military diplomas In: Chiron , Volume 36 (2006), pp. 249–298, here pp. 273–275.

^ Inscription ( AE 1900, 197 )

↑ Barbara Pferdehirt : Roman military diplomas and dismissal certificates in the collection of the Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum. (= Catalogs of prehistoric antiquities 37), 2 volumes, Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, Mainz 2004, ISBN 3-88467-086-7 Volume 1, pp. 16-17.

[EIN-7] In the inscription ( CIL 3, 600 ) a Cohors III Dacorum is listed. According to Peter Weiß , Paul Holder suggested that instead of III Dacorum there should be III Thracum I Dacorum and that the Cohors III Thracum Syriaca probably also provided a vexillation for the equestrian association of Lollianus.

[AN-10] It is not clear from the diploma whether the recipient was a member of the Cohors III Thracum Syriaca or the Cohors IV Thracum Syriaca . See Barbara Pferdehirt , Roman Military Diplomas, pp. 16-17. The assignment to the Cohors III Thracum Syriaca therefore follows the reading of the EDCS .

[IN1-1] Inscriptions with Syriaca ( AE 1900, 197 , AE 1990, 1012 )

[IN2-2] scription (AE 1911.161)

[jsp-3] A ^b John Spaul , Cohors², pp. 353-354, 377.

[js-4] Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 172 Table 14 ( PDF ).

[MD-5] Military diplomas of the years 88 ( CIL 16, 35 ), 91 ( Chiron- 2006-214 , RMM 6 , ZPE-183-234 ), 129 ( Chiron-2006-230 , Chiron-2006-233 ) and 153 ( Chiron-2006 -267 ).

[pw-6] Peter Weiß , The auxiliaries of the Syrian army from Domitian to Antoninus Pius. An interim assessment based on the new military diplomas In: Chiron , Volume 36 (2006), pp. 249–298, here pp. 273–275.

[IN3-8] Inscription ( AE 1900, 197 )

[bp-9] Barbara Pferdehirt : Roman military diplomas and dismissal certificates in the collection of the Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum. (= Catalogs of prehistoric antiquities 37), 2 volumes, Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, Mainz 2004, ISBN 3-88467-086-7 Volume 1, pp. 16-17.