Cohors II Bracaraugustanorum

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The Cohors II Bracaraugustanorum [equitata] ( German  2nd cohort from Bracara Augusta [partially mounted] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas and inscriptions.

Name components

  • II : The Roman number stands for the ordinal number, the second ( Latin secunda ). Hence the name of this military unit is pronounced as Cohors secunda ...
  • Bracaraugustanorum : from the conventus Bracara Augusta . The soldiers of the cohort were recruited when the unit was established in the area of ​​the conventus (iuridicus) Bracara Augusta (with the capital Bracara Augusta ).
  • equitata : partially mounted. The unit was a mixed association of infantry and cavalry. The addition appears in an inscription.

Since there is no evidence of the addition of milliaria (1000 men) to the name , the unit was a Cohors quingenaria equitata . The nominal strength of the cohort was 600 men (480 infantry and 120 horsemen), consisting of 6 centuries of infantry with 80 men each and 4 tower cavalry with 30 horsemen each.

history

The cohort was stationed in the provinces of Moesia , Moesia inferior and Thracia . It is listed on military diplomas for the years 77/78 to 157 AD.

The first evidence of unity in Moesia is based on a diploma dated 77/78. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Armed Forces in Moesia ) that were stationed in the province. Another diploma, dated 92, attests to unity in Moesia inferior .

Between 92 and 114 the unit was transferred to the province of Thracia , where it is first evidenced by a diploma dated 114. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Forces in Thracia ) that were stationed in the province.

At an unspecified point in time, the cohort was transferred back to the province of Moesia inferior , where it is proven by further diplomas dated 136 to 157.

Locations

Cohort locations in Thracia may have been:

  • Shipka : an inscription was found here.

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known.

Commanders

Others

  • Ti (berius) Claudius Communis, a centurion : the diploma of 136 was issued to him.

See also

literature

  • Margaret M. Roxan : The Auxilia of the Roman Army raised in the Iberian Peninsula. Dissertation, 1973 Volume 1 ( PDF ) Volume 2 ( PDF )
  • John Spaul : Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Margaret M. Roxan , The Auxilia, pp. 65, 68, 429-434, 739-740.
  2. ^ Inscription with equitata ( AE 1925, 44 ).
  3. ↑ a b John Spaul , Cohors², pp. 70-71, 91.
  4. ^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 166, 168 tables 9, 10 ( PDF ).
  5. ↑ Military diplomas of the years 77/78 ( AE 2011, 1118 ), 92 ( ZPE-148-269 ), 114 ( RMD 1, 14 ), 136 ( ZPE-174-259 ), 145 ( RMD 3, 165 ), 146 ( AE 2007, 1233 , RMD 4, 270 ), 147 ( Chiron-2008-307 ), 155 ( RMD 5, 414 ) and 157 ( Chiron-2007-222 , Chiron-2008-309 , RMD 1, 50 ).
  6. ↑ Evgeni I. Paunov, Margaret M. Roxan: The earliest extant Diploma of Thrace, AD 114 (= RMD I 14) In: Journal of Papyrology and epigraphy , Volume 119 (1997), pp 269-279, here p 275 -276 ( PDF ).
  7. ^ Inscription from Schipka ( AE 1965, 347 ).
  8. ↑ Nikolaus Schindel: A military diploma fragment from Moesia inferior (136 AD) In: ZPE, Volume 174 (2010), pp. 259–263, here p. 263 ( online ).