Cohors V Breucorum

The military diploma of June 13, 80 AD ( CIL 16, 26 )

The Cohors V Breucorum [Philippiana] [civium Romanorum] [equitata] ( German 5th cohort of the Breuker [the Philippian] [of the Roman citizens] [partly mounted] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is attested by military diplomas and inscriptions.

Name components

Breucorum : [the] Breuker . The soldiers of the cohort were recruited from the Illyrian people of the Breuker in the area of the Roman province of Pannonia when the unit was established .

Philippiana : the Philippian. An honorary title that refers to Philip Arabs (244–249). The addition appears in the inscription ( CIL 3, 11781 ).

civium Romanorum : the Roman citizen or with Roman citizenship . The soldiers of the unit had been granted Roman citizenship at one point in time. However, this did not apply to soldiers who were accepted into the unit after this point in time. They received Roman citizenship only with their honorable farewell ( Honesta missio ) after 25 years of service. The addition appears in the inscription ( AE 1973, 425 ).

equitata : partially mounted. The unit was a mixed association of infantry and cavalry. The addition appears in the inscription ( AE 1973, 425 ).

Since there is no evidence of the addition of milliaria (1000 men) to the name , the unit was a Cohors equitata . The nominal strength of the cohort was 600 men (480 infantry and 120 horsemen), consisting of 6 centuries of infantry with 80 men each and 4 tower cavalry with 30 horsemen each.

history

The first evidence of unity in the province of Pannonia is based on a military diploma dated to 80 AD. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Forces in Pannonia ) that were stationed in the province.

According to Géza Alföldy , the cohort came to Noricum a short time later , where in the 2nd century it was initially stationed in Zwentendorf Fort and then spread over several forts in the northwest of Noricum.

Locations

Brick stamp of the (C) OH V BR (eucorum) in the Roman museum Kastell Boiotro

Locations of the cohort in Noricum were possibly:

Locations of the cohort in Pannonia were possibly:

Petronell-Carnuntum : According to John Spaul , the cohort was stationed in or near Petronell for some time, assuming that Surus Bricio and Venemus were buried where they were stationed.

Cohort locations in Raetia may have been:

Weihmörting: According to John Spaul , the cohort was stationed in Weihmörting in the middle of the 3rd century. An altar ( CIL 3, 11781 ) was found in Weihmörting, but it probably came from Passau.

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known.

Commanders

Septimius C (lau) dianus ( CIL 3, 11781 )
T (itus) Acilius Florentinus, a prefect ( CIL 10, 6102 )

Others

Surus Bricio, a soldier ( CIL 3, 5086 )
Ti.Aur (elius) Saturius, a veteran ( CIL 3, 5472 )
Venemus (or Venetus), a soldier (around 71/100) ( AE 1973, 425 )

Web links

Commons : Cohors V Breucorum - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e See in the article the section Garrison or Troops as well as the individual references and literature given there.

Individual evidence

^ ^A ^b ^c ^d ^e John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1841710464 , p. 323
^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt: Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 161 table 5 ( PDF p. 163 ).
^ Military diploma of the year 80 ( CIL 16, 26 ).
↑ ^a ^b HD011354. Epigraphic database Heidelberg , accessed on March 22, 2017 (English).

[ST-4] See in the article the section Garrison or Troops as well as the individual references and literature given there.

[jsp-1] A ^b ^c ^d ^e John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1841710464 , p. 323

[js-2] Jörg Scheuerbrandt: Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 161 table 5 ( PDF p. 163 ).

[MD-3] Military diploma of the year 80 ( CIL 16, 26 ).

[edh-5] HD011354. Epigraphic database Heidelberg , accessed on March 22, 2017 (English).