Cyber ​​activism

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Cyber activism (also: cyber protest , e-protest , internet activism or online activism ) is the use of digital information and communication technologies such as e-mail , forums , Twitter , podcasts , websites or wikis for various forms of protest . Internet technologies are used by protesters for the practice of framing , creating identity, mobilizing and networking.

Importance of the internet for social movements

Donk et al. assume that actors of new social movements in particular use the Internet, as this corresponds to their ideologies and their organizational needs. Protesters would also be able to network faster and more efficiently using the Internet for internal and external mobilizations at local, national and international level. While on the one hand the great importance of the Internet is emphasized in individual case studies - in particular the digital international networking of the Zapatistas and the associated establishment of the People's Global Action Network - on the other hand, the complex relationships between online / offline networking are assumed by Protest. According to the movement researcher Dieter Rucht, pure forms of cyber activism such as the online demonstration against Lufthansa are more of an exception.

Types of cyber activism

Vegh distinguishes between the following forms of cyber activism:

  • Advocacy: Provision and dissemination of information, offering of forums for open discussions as well as measures of so-called e-lobbying .
  • Organization / mobilization: calls for online / offline actions (e.g. contacting political decision-makers via online petitions ).
  • Action / reaction: online attacks ( hacktivism ) by hackers , cyber campaigns, cyber wars.

criticism

Little involvement through 'one-click protest', cyber- balkanization of the public, anonymity and, last but not least, the reflection of the digital divide problem are viewed as questionable in terms of the contribution of cyber activism to a (transnational) democratization of society.

See also

literature

  • Sigrid Baringhorst, Veronika Kneip & Johanna Niesyto (eds.) Political Campaigning on the Web (= media upheavals. Vol. 37). Transcript, Bielefeld 2009, ISBN 978-3-8376-1047-5
  • Ulrich Dolata / Jan-Felix Schrape (2013): Between Individual and Organization. New collective actors and constellations of action on the Internet. Stuttgart contributions to the sociology of organization and innovation 2013-02. Full text online (PDF; 1117 kB)
  • Wim van de Donk, Brian D. Loader, Paul G. Nixon, Dieter Rucht (eds.): Cyberprotest. New Media, Citizens and Social Movements. Routledge, London et al. 2004, ISBN 0-415-29785-0 (English).
  • Anja Ebersbach, Richard Heigl: Click here to protest? On the emergence of solidarity via the Internet and the “Theses on the Concept of History” by Walter Benjamin. In: communication @ society. 6. Jg., 1, 2005, ISSN  1616-2617 , pp. 1-22, online .
  • New movements on the internet? (= Research journal New Social Movements. 19th year, issue 2, ISSN  0933-9361 ). Lucius & Lucius, Stuttgart 2006
  • Martha McCaughey & Michael D. Ayers (Eds.): Cyberactivism. Online Activism in Theory and Practice. Routledge, New York et al. 2003, ISBN 0-415-94319-1
  • Evgeny Morozov : The Net Delusion: The Dark Side of Internet Freedom. New York: PublicAffairs Books, New York 2011, ISBN 978-1-58648-874-1
  • Dieter Rucht: Cyber ​​protest. Possibilities and limits of network-based protests. (PDF; 96 kB) 2005.
  • Carolin Welzel: New Media - New Forms of Protest. Movement formation in real time. In: Operations . 164 = Volume 42, 4, 2003, pp. 74-82.

Articles and conference papers

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Rucht, Dieter (2005): Cyberprotest. Possibilities and limits of network-based protests. ( Memento of the original from September 6, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 96 kB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.wzb.eu
  2. ^ Sunstein, Cass R. (2007): Republic.com 2.0. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  3. ↑ z. B. Rucht, Dieter (2005): Cyber ​​protest. Possibilities and limits of network-based protests. ( Memento of the original from September 6, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 96 kB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.wzb.eu