Cyphonia
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Cyphonia clavata (Fabricius, 1787) , scanning electron microscope image, measuring bar: 1 mm |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Cyphonia | ||||||||||||
| Laporte , 1832 |
Cyphonia is a genus of the humpback cicadas or humpback chirps ( Membracidae ), a family of round-headed cicadas ( Cicadomorpha ) from the superfamily of the Membracoidea .
The genus contains 26 species that occur exclusively in Central and South America, the Neotropics . Cyphonia trifida and C. clavata , which occur in many countries in the range , are particularly widespread . C. clavigera and C. hirta are also widespread . Some species of Cyphonia are only known from Brazil, in Argentina a relatively large number of species have been recorded.
The species of the genus Cyphonia are about 4.1 to 8.4 mm long. Many species are brown or black, but some are also colorful with light spots. The pronotum is very characteristically pronounced: it usually has two thorns at the front and thorns with spherical swellings at the back and a (middle) spine pointing backwards. The fore wings are transparent and have five apical and two discoidal cells . The hind wings are sometimes reduced. The hind legs are about twice as long as the other legs. It is sometimes assumed that the appearance ( habitus ) of Cyphonia clavata imitates an ant, so that it may be a kind of mimicry . A similar habitus as in the genus Cyphonia can be found in the closely related genera Poppea and Eucyphonia .
The species of the genus Cyphonia live individually on different plants and suckle on the phloem . It has been reported that these humpbacks can be found in open vegetation and on the edges of forests, sometimes relatively high in the Andes. Often, however, groups of three or four animals were also found.
Web links
- Cyphonia at Treehoppers
- Cyphonia in the Encyclopedia of live
- 3D SEM images of individual humpback leafhoppers, including Cyphonia species
Individual evidence
- ↑ McKamey, SH: Taxonomic Catalog of the Membracoidea (exclusive of leafhoppers). In: Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute . tape 60 , 1998, pp. 1-377 .
- ^ Kopp, DD & TR Yonke: A Taxonomic Review of the Tribe Ceresini (Homoptera: Membracidae) . In: Miscellaneous Publications of the Entomological Society of America . tape 11 , no. 2 , 1979, p. 1-97 .
- ^ A b C. Godoy, X. Miranda & K. Nishida: Treehoppers of tropical America . Instituto national de Biodiversidad, Santo Domingo de Heredia, Costa Rica 2006, ISBN 9968-927-10-4 , pp. 352 .
- ^ Cyphonia clavata. In: Website of the American Museum of Natural History , New York . Retrieved January 11, 2017 .
- ↑ Florez-VC, Wolff MI & J. Cardona-Duque: Contribution to the taxonomy of the family Membracidae Rafinesque (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha) in Colombia . In: Zootaxa . tape 3910 , 2015, p. 1-261 .