Dakotaraptor
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Dakotaraptor is a genus of large Dromaeosauridae belonging to the theropod dinosaur that lived in North America during the Late Cretaceous Period . The remains have beendatedto the end of the Mesozoic Era , making Dakotaraptor one of the last surviving Dromaeosauridae.
Phylogenetic analyzes support the view that Dakotaraptor is a sister taxon of Dromaeosaurus within the Dromaeosauridae. In more recent work, however, it is noted that Dakotaraptor is probably a chimera , as parts of the skeleton do not come from a dromaeosaurid. The fork bone (furcula) has been newly identified as part of a turtle plastron.
features
Dakotaraptor were exceptionally large Dromaeosauridae. The reconstructed length of adult specimens, estimated using the shinbones (tibia) and thighbones (femur) of Dromaeosaurus , Deinonychus and Utahraptor as a comparison, was about 5.5 m. The claw attachments (flexor tubercle) on the toe claws IV (ungual phalanges) are reduced. About the distal half of the lateral groove of the toe claw IV (corial groove) lies completely in a bony tube, on the toe claws II and III there is a sharp ventral keel. On the teeth of the distal row of teeth (towards the end of the dental arch) there are 15 to 20.5 mm large teeth (denticles), on those of the mesial row of teeth (towards the center of the dental arch) there are 20 to 27, also 5 mm large teeth.
Finds and location
The findings come from the upper Hell Creek Formation (Obermaastrichtium), not more than 20 m below the chalk-Paläogen limit in Harding County ( South Dakota ). The fossils were discovered in medium to fine-grain sandstone with a clay-pebble layer. In addition to Dakotaraptor , only skeletal parts of small vertebrates were found there.
The species was in 2015 by Robert A. DePalma, David A. Burnham, Larry Dean Martin, Peter Lars Larson and Robert Thomas Bakker Dakoraraptor steini first described . The holotype (PBMNH.P.10.113.T) is an adult specimen. The remains consist of the right second and third toe claws, the right thigh bones (femur), the left and right shin bones (tibia), the left tarsus bones (astragalus) and heel bones ( calcaneus), the left metatarsals (metatarsals) II to IV , the right metatarsal IV, fragments of a vertebral body, ten tail vertebrae , fork bone (furcula), left and right humerus (humeri), radius and ulna , right metacarpal bones (metacarpals) I and II and the fragments of three left phalanges.
designation
The name Dakota Raptor refers to South Dakota and the people of the Dakota and the Latin word raptor (German = predators). The additional species steini refers to the paleontologist Walter W. Stein. Dakotaraptor was one of eighteen dinosaur taxa from 2015 described in open access or free-read journals.
Web links
- Discovering Dakotaraptor steini
- Ellen Brait: Meet Dakotaraptor: the feathered dinosaur that was 'utterly lethal' The Guardian, November 5, 2015
- Sergio Prostak: Dakotaraptor steini: Giant, Feathered Dromaeosaurid Dinosaur Discovered in South Dakota SciNews, November 5, 2015
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Dakotaraptor at Paleontologyworld.com, accessed April 28, 2020
- ↑ a b c Robert A. DePalma et al. : The First Giant Raptor (Theropoda: Dromaeosauridae) from the Hell Creek Formation. In: Paleontological Contributions , 2015, 14, pp. 1–16. ( Online )
- ↑ Steven E. Jasinski, Robert M. Sullivan, Peter Dodson: New Dromaeosaurid Dinosaur (theropoda, Dromaeosauridae) from new Mexico and Biodiversity of Dromaeosaurids at the end of the cretaceous. In: Scientific Reports 10: 5105, 2020. ( Online )