thanks
Thanks is the benevolent response to help received, including services that are taken for granted; it is regarded as a general ethical requirement for people. Gratitude is a feeling or an attitude in recognition of a material or immaterial gift that one has received or will receive. It is to be distinguished from the obligation to owe thanks .
Etymologically , thanks comes from thinking, so thanks is “the feeling expressed in the thinking disposition”.
From Thanks derived is the politeness formula "thank you" , a linguistic interjection . From a Thanksgiving spoken mostly in formal written expressions of thanks, particularly for the sympathy for a single death.
Details
Gratitude assumes that the recipient of a benefit gets something that he cannot claim. Often, however, gratitude is also shown or expected where only one duty has been fulfilled (e.g. care for the elderly, handing over of found objects, etc.), which could also be rejected.
Aristotle and Cicero remarked in their treatises that it hurts self-respect to accept gratitude by accepting beneficiaries . This way of looking at things is also shown by people who are too proud to be given something, even though they actually need the benefit. In some cultures people are even frightened about gifts - probably for fear of not being able to return them appropriately.
Ingratitude and ingratitude are not only a lack of gratitude, but additionally a setting (also called "mind" called), which is at odds with the fact that they have received a blessing.
Ingratitude can e.g. B. result in the recipient treating the benefactor inappropriately (unkind, rude, etc.). This can attract the benefactor and / or third parties negatively and lower, damage or ruin the reputation ( image , reputation , reputation ) of the ungrateful: This was the "message of virtue", which was used in the moral weekly papers and in the pedagogy of the Enlightenment was massively propagated at the end of the 18th century.
history
Originally, the occurrence of thanks as a positive social sanction owed by those who have received a benefit should be accepted into the earliest forms of communal life on this side of the animal-human transition field (cf. exchange (sociology) ). ( For example, the negative social sanction that one responds to is revenge .)
It was daring to withhold thanks to a god (cf. hubris ). The Bible speaks of thanksgiving offerings and thanksgiving psalms. In the New Testament , gratitude towards God is constantly demanded through reminders, at least more than towards fellow men.
No guilt is more urgent than giving thanks. - Marcus Tullius Cicero (11)
Pedagogical perspective
In general, thanks from z. B. In the specific case, educators also interpret them as behavior relevant to education and here in the special case as a form of reinforcement (see learning theory ) or positive reinforcement. The thanks would thus reinforce the (just realized) behavior of the child / young person. The gratitude thus recognizes the child's behavior and evaluates it as positive (cf. manipulation , praise , gratitude , social sanction ).
See also
- gratitude
- Sacrifice (religion) , Thanksgiving Day
- Instrumental and operant conditioning
- Donation
- God bless it
- retribution
- Reinforcement (psychology)
literature
- Natalie Binczek , Remigius Bunia , Till Dembeck, Alexander Zons (eds.): Say thanks. Politics, semantics and poetics of commitment. Fink, Munich 2013, ISBN 978-3-7705-5669-4 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Brockhaus-Enzyklopädie, Brockhaus, Mannheim, 1988. ISBN 3-7653-1100-6
- ^ Friedrich Kluge: Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 1960
- ↑ Friedrich Koch : The Kaspar Hauser Effect. About dealing with children. Opladen 1995. ISBN 978-3-8100-1359-0
- ↑ Wolfgang Martens: The message of virtue. The enlightenment in the mirror of the German moral weekly papers. Stuttgart 1968.