The contingent
The contingent was a Swiss weekly newspaper and a political organization (also known as the contingent movement ), in the interwar period and during the Second World War, as part of intellectual national defense .
history
In 1933 Jacob Lorenz , who was a professor of political economy at the University of Freiburg , began to publish the weekly newspaper Das Aufgebot and soon afterwards founded the organization of the same name.
The newspaper and the organization aimed for a political renewal in Switzerland. The Catholic social teaching was the basis of political action, and the economy was to be organized according to a corporate system. Anti-liberal, anti-capitalist and anti-Semitic tendencies can be identified. Lorenz wrote in 1936 that Jewish infiltration had become evident in the streets. In addition, he noted an "increasing mass ... ever more intrusive Jewish business activity." Precisely because they are Jews, they shouldn't push their way too far, because otherwise they would trigger xenophobia. The contingent , however, ran against fascism and National Socialism and saw the "renewal" on a Christian and democratic basis. It also campaigned vehemently for democracy and national idiosyncrasies. Jacob Lorenz was seen as an authoritative figure who was trusted to counter the activities of the "fronts" and the National Socialist propaganda in Switzerland.
The contingent was the first organization to call for a total revision of the federal constitution , which was later also sought by many front movements . That is why there was a coordination alliance with the fronts. In 1935, however, the people rejected the total revision in a referendum from the corresponding initiative .
The contingent as a movement then quickly lost its importance and was disbanded. The newspaper was published until 1957.
Fellow campaigners
In addition to Jacob Lorenz, the following personalities regularly published articles in the list :
- Karl Sax (died 1935)
- Kuno Christians (1902–1975, ref. Pastor)
- Fritz H. Thommen alias "Zwingli" (born 1883)
- Ernst Jucker (d. 1976)
- James Schwarzenbach
- Paul Zigerli (National Councilor)
literature
- Beat Glaus: The National Front. A Swiss fascist movement 1930–1940 . Benziger, Zurich / Einsiedeln / Cologne 1969 (also dissertation at the University of Basel ).
- Nicolas Haymoz : «The Aufgebot» by Jacob Lorenz . In: Zeitschrift für Schweizerische Kirchengeschichte , 94, 2000, pp. 117-136. doi: 10.5169 / seals-130305
- Walter Wolf: Fascism in Switzerland. The history of the front movements in German-speaking Switzerland 1930–1945 . Flamberg / Zurich 1969 (also dissertation at the University of Zurich ).
Web links
- Walter Wolf: contingent, that. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- Markus Bürgi: Lorenz, Jacob. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Andreas Abegg, Rahel Strebel: The Swiss refugee law policy of the Second World War: Discursive breaks and continuities at the intersection of refugee policy and refugee law. In: Forum Historiae Iuris (fhi), September 20, 2005.
- ↑ Nicolas Haymoz: "Das Aufgebot" by Jacob Lorenz - for intellectual mobilization: On Switzerland in the 1930s and 1940s in the context of the "renewal" and the "renewal movements" . In: Journal for Swiss Church History = Revue d'histoire ecclésiastique suisse , 94/2000, p. 116.
- ^ Jacob Lorenz in Das Aufgebot , December 16, 1936.
- ^ Josef Widmer: From the conservative party youth organization to the Catholic renewal movement. The young Swiss conservatives in the 1930s . Unpublished licentiate thesis, Freiburg 1983, p. 61.
- ↑ Chronology of popular initiatives. Swiss Federal Chancellery