David Dunning
David Alan Dunning is an American social psychologist and professor of psychology at the University of Michigan . In 1999, together with his colleague Justin Kruger , he described what is known in popular scientific literature as the Dunning-Kruger effect .
Career
Dunning studied psychology and graduated from Michigan State University with a Bachelor of Arts in 1982 . In 1986 he received his doctorate from Stanford University with a thesis on social constructivism . As a professor at Cornell University , he researched the deviations of self-image from measurable facts and the perception of others. Another research focus is the influence of psychological factors on allegedly fact-based decision-making processes. In the field of forensic research, Dunning worked on developing techniques for interviewing witnesses . He was able to show that the visual and acoustic perception of witnesses is influenced by their own attitudes and needs, i.e. that the perception of their surroundings depends on psychological processes within them.
During his university career, Dunning taught as a visiting professor at the University of Michigan, Yale University , the University of Mannheim and the University of Cologne . Since its retirement at Cornell University, he is a professor at the University of Michigan.
Researches
Dunning has published more than 80 scientific publications . He gained notoriety beyond specialist circles through a study published in 1999 together with Justin Kruger . They showed that subjects who achieved particularly poor results in certain areas such as recognizing humor, grammar and formal logic significantly overestimated their performance . The findings from the study have since been referred to as the Dunning-Kruger effect , according to which relatively incompetent people systematically overestimate their own knowledge and skills and underestimate the competence of others. For this publication Dunning and Kruger received the satirical Ig Nobel Prize in 2000 . In 2012, Dunning told the science blog Ars Technica that he did not expect the paper to actually be published at the time and that he was surprised at how long and with what intensity her ideas had gone viral in so many areas .
Outside employment
Dunning served in several professional societies and was an associate editor of the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology .
Publications (selection)
- David Dunning: Situational construal and sources of social judgment . Ph.D. thesis, Stanford University 1986, digitized ;
- Jason Kruger and David Dunning: Unskilled and unaware of it: how difficulties in recognizing one's own incompetence lead to inflated self-assessments . In: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , December 1999, Volume 77, No. 6, pp. 1121-1134, doi : 10.1037 / 0022-3514.77.6.1121 ;
- David Dunning: Self-insight: Roadblocks and detours on the path to knowing thyself . Psychology Press, New York (et al.) 2005, ISBN 1-84169-074-0 ;
- David Dunning: Social Motivation . Psychology Press, New York (et al.) 2011, ISBN 978-1-84169-754-3 ;
- Mark D. Alicke, David Dunning and Joachim Krüger: Self in Social Judgment . CRC Press, Boca Raton 2014, ISBN 978-1-135-42344-5 ;
- Kaidi Wu and David Dunning: Hypocognition: Making sense of the landscape beyond one's conceptual reach . In: Review of General Psychology 2018, Volume 22 (1), pp. 25-35, doi : 10.1037 / gpr0000126 .
Web links
- The Death of Expertise , BBC World Service Business Daily interview with David Dunning, November 16, 2018 (17 minutes, English);
- Kaidi Wu and David Dunning: Unknown Unknowns: The Problem of Hypocognition . Scientific American blog from August 6, 2018.
Individual evidence
- ↑ David Dunning , University of Michigan website, accessed November 22, 2018.
- ^ A b c David Dunning , Cornell University Institute for the Social Sciences website, accessed November 22, 2018.
- ↑ Marc Abrahams: Those Who Can't, Don't Know It , Harvard Business Review , December 2005, accessed November 22, 2018.
- ↑ Tom Stafford: The more inept you are the smarter you think you are , BBC Future, November 25, 2013, accessed November 22, 2018.
- ↑ Chris Lee: Revisiting why incompetents think they're awesome , Ars Technica , May 25, 2012, accessed November 22, 2018.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Dunning, David |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Dunning, David Alan (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | American social psychologist and university professor |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 20th century |