De Heinrico

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De Henrico (or Heinrichslied ) is the 19th piece of Carmina Cantabrigiensia , composed around the year 1000 , a collection of 49 almost exclusively Latin pieces, which were primarily designed for musical performance. The eight-verse piece is identified in literary research as a song , mode and moral poem and is an early testimony to political German poetry. It is a "mode of remembered rule". It belongs to a small group of mixed poems that are determined by the consciously regulated sequence of German and Latin elements. With its Latin-German and the very freely rhymed long lines, it is in the tradition of Ottonian court poetry. Comparisons can be drawn to the refrain of the 149th song of Carmina Burana .

Author and tradition

The Modus De Heinrico has come down to us in the middle of the Carmina Cantabrigiensia, the only manuscript of which has largely been irretrievably destroyed. The song collection bears its title after the Latin name for Cambridge as the place where the only manuscript is kept (Cod. Gg 5.35 of the Cambridge University Library ). The verses of De Heinrico have experienced several linguistic overlays. The Editio princeps was published in 1720 by Johann Georg Eccard. After being reprinted by August Heinrich Hoffmann von Fallersleben in 1830, De Henrico was first published in Leopold von Ranke's year books of the German Empire based on a text by Karl Lachmann . The Carmina Cantabrigiensia, to which De Heinrico belongs, is located in the "Trier-Speyer-Worms-Mainz-Cologne-Xanten region". Nevertheless, the origin of the author is uncertain, "since Central and Rhenish Franconian as well as Saxon elements are mixed, Bavarian influence seems to be palpable, and Thuringian provenance has even been assumed." The dialectical classification of De Heinricos thus causes considerable difficulties. "From a linguistic point of view [...] an essentially Old Saxon original by De Heinrico , which was entered in the Rhineland in the direct submission of the Cambridge song manuscript, is to be assumed as very likely." There is broad consensus that the author was a person of spiritual education. He also knows the rite of the high nobility , which is why membership of a royal court is probable as opposed to a monastery. The traditional form of the manuscript can be traced back to the 12th century in the library catalog of the Augustinian monastery in Canterbury . The song collection was registered in the 11th century.

Content and structure

In the first stanza, an anonymous poet asks for Christ's assistance for his story about a respected Duke Heinrich from Bavaria. At the beginning of the second stanza, a messenger reaches an Emperor Otto who announces the arrival of Heinrich. The emperor rises and goes to meet the duke with his retinue and receives him mid mihilon eron . Otto welcomes Heinrich. In literary and historical research it is controversial whether ambo uos equiuoci refers to another Heinrich of the same name. Together they go to church to ask for the grace of God. After the prayer, Emperor Otto leads Duke Heinrich into the assembly, where he "shares rights and prestige with him". This is followed by a consultation between the two. In the last stanza, the poet asserts, "that Heinrich let everyone present do his right, and that thid allaz uuar is ". It is always Duke Heinrich who recommends what to do while Emperor Otto follows him. At De Heinrico, all royal actions are left to the duke except for royalty.

According to Johannes Fried, the 'poem' is divided into two halves, "a first, which is dedicated to the welcoming ceremony and is characterized by literal speech, although it evidently depicts ritual action, and a second, which focuses entirely on narration without any speech. " It is obvious that De Heinrico is about rule. It is noteworthy that De Heinrico is not a representation of a concrete encounter between those involved, but rather a representative meeting of rulers in the past, as the tenses of the verbs show. In contrast to the Ludwigslied , De Heinrico is not a source of glorious deeds, but rather a report on an "episode of the present". The meeting and its associated rituals (handing out, double greeting, loan and appointment as a consultant) are the focus of what is told. It is a representation of complex relationships that represents 'ritual time' rather than 'calendar time'.

Verse 7 is considered critical. The interpretation of the handwriting is decisive for the interpretation of the song. The older reading provides that it is brother instead of brings (her) and then assumes hero instead of hera . According to the older version, one could translate this passage with 'Here is Heinrich, your royal brother'. According to the more recent reading, Heinrich would approach with 'royal deference' or 'humility'.

text

(1) Nunc almus assis filius thero euuigero thiernun
benignus fautor mihi , thaz ig iz cosan muozi
de quodam duce , themo heron Heinriche,
qui cum dignitate thero Beiaro riche beuuarode.

(2) Intrans nempe nuntius , then keisar namoda her thus:
› cur sedes ‹  infit  › Otdo . ther unsar keisar guodo.
hic adest Heinrich bring it here kunlich.
dignum tibi fore thir seluemo ze sine. ‹

(3) Tunc surrexit Otdo , ther unsar keisar guodo,
perrexit illi obuiam inde uilo manig man.
et excepit illum mid mihilon eron.

(4) Primitus quoque dixit : ›uuillicumo Heinrich,
ambo uos equiuoci , bethiu goda endi mi:
nec non et socii , uuillicumo sid gi mi.‹

(5) Dato responso fane Heinriche so scono
coniunxere manus . her leida ina in thaz godes hus:
petierunt ambo thero godes genatheno.

(6) Oramine facto intfieng ina auer Otdo,
duxit in concilium with michelon eron
et admisit illi so uuaz so her þar hafode,
preter quod regale , thes thir Heinrih ni straight.

(7) Tunc stait al thiu sprakha sub firmo Heinriche:
quicquid Otdo fecit , al geried iz Heinrih:
quicquid ac omisit , ouch geried iz Heinrihc.

(8) Hic non fuit ullus - thes hafon ig guoda fulleist
nobilibus ac liberis , thaz thid allaz uuar is -
cui non fecisset Heinrich allero rehto gilich.

(1) Now help, benevolent son of the eternal virgin.
Be my benevolent protector , so that I can report
on that Duke , Herr Heinrich,
who protected the empire of Bavaria with dignity .

(2) Once there came a messenger , of the emperor named as addressed:
> Why you remain seated, 'he asked,' Otto , our good Emperor?
Here is Heinrich. He brings a royal retinue who
would even be worthy of serving them. '

(3) Then Otto , our good emperor, rose to meet
him, and with him many men,
and he greeted him with great honor.

(4) First, he said :> Welcome Henry,
you two with the same name , both God and me,
and also the followers .'Re me all welcome <

(5) After (the greeting) so worthy of Henry was returned ,
handed shake hands . He escorted him to church;
both wanted to be the grace of God assure .

(6) After the prayer Otto greeted him again,
took him to the ' consilium' with great honor ,
and gave him whatever armrests he later owned;
except for royal rights , which Heinrich never coveted.

(7) So afterwards the whole 'consultation' was  under Heinrich's protection ;
Whatever Otto did , he discussed it with Heinrich,
whatever he failed to do, Heinrich advised him.

(8) There was no one here - I have good confirmation from
noblemen and suitors that all of this is true - to
whom Heinrich did not grant all rights equally .

Historical background

De Heinrico does not contain any information on a specific encounter between an Emperor Otto and a Duke Heinrich. The historical references to early medieval poetry usually have to be derived from other sources. In Otto you usually see Emperor Otto III in research . "The probably two Heinriche are probably Duke Heinrich II. Of Bavaria, the brawler, and either his son, the later Emperor Heinrich II. Or the Luitpolding Heinrich III. Of Carinthia. The earlier favored reference to the reconciliation between Emperor Otto I and his brother Heinrich. " A clear historical interpretation of De Heinrico is not available and probably cannot be reconstructed.

See also

literature

Primary literature

  • Müller, Stephan: Old High German Literature. An annotated anthology. Old High German / New High German. Old Low German / New High German. Translated, edited and commented by Stephan Müller. Stuttgart 2007 (Reclams Universal-Bibliothek 18491), ISBN 978-3-15-018491-2

Secondary literature

  • Fried, Johannes: Orality, memory and domination. At the same time as ›De Heinrico‹ mode. In: Political Thought and the Realities of Power in the Middle Ages. Political Thought and the Reality of Power in the Middle Ages. Edited by Joseph Canning and Otto Gerhard Oexle. Göttingen 1998 (publications of the Max Planck Institute for History 147), ISBN 3-525-35462-2 , pp. 9–32.
  • Herweg, Mathias: Ludwigslied, De Heinrico, Annolied. The German poetry of the early Middle Ages as reflected in its scientific reception and research. Wiesbaden 2002 (Imagines medii aevi 13), ISBN 3-89500-268-2
  • Schneider, Jens: Heinrich and Otto. An encounter at the turn of the millennium. In: Archiv für Kulturgeschichte 84 (2002), pp. 1–40.
  • Verio Santoro: Il "De Heinrico" e gli inizi del plurilinguismo nella poesia tedesca medievale, "Medioevo e Rinascimento", 9 / ns 6, 1995, pp. 17-50.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Fried, Johannes: Orality, memory and rule. At the same time as ›De Heinrico‹ mode. In: Political Thought and the Realities of Power in the Middle Ages. Political Thought and the Reality of Power in the Middle Ages. Edited by Joseph Canning and Otto Gerhard Oexle. Göttingen 1998 (publications by the Max Planck Institute for History 147). P. 12.
  2. ↑ Müller, Stephan: Old High German Literature. An annotated anthology. Old High German / New High German. Old Low German / New High German. Translated, edited and commented by Stephan Müller. Stuttgart 2007 (Reclams Universal Library 18491), p. 307.
  3. ^ Cf. Schneider, Jens: Heinrich and Otto. An encounter at the turn of the millennium. In: Archiv für Kulturgeschichte 84 (2002), p. 3.
  4. ^ Schneider, Jens: Heinrich and Otto. An encounter at the turn of the millennium. In: Archiv für Kulturgeschichte 84 (2002), p. 4.
  5. ^ Fried, Johannes: Orality, memory and rule. At the same time as ›De Heinrico‹ mode. In: Political Thought and the Realities of Power in the Middle Ages. Political Thought and the Reality of Power in the Middle Ages. Edited by Joseph Canning and Otto Gerhard Oexle. Göttingen 1998 (publications by the Max Planck Institute for History 147). P. 22.
  6. ^ Schneider, Jens: Heinrich and Otto. An encounter at the turn of the millennium. In: Archiv für Kulturgeschichte 84 (2002), p. 10.
  7. ^ Cf. Schneider, Jens: Heinrich and Otto. An encounter at the turn of the millennium. In: Archiv für Kulturgeschichte 84 (2002), p. 4.
  8. ^ Cf. Schneider, Jens: Heinrich and Otto. An encounter at the turn of the millennium. In: Archiv für Kulturgeschichte 84 (2002), p. 5.
  9. ^ Schneider, Jens: Heinrich and Otto. An encounter at the turn of the millennium. In: Archiv für Kulturgeschichte 84 (2002), p. 5.
  10. ^ Schneider, Jens: Heinrich and Otto. An encounter at the turn of the millennium. In: Archiv für Kulturgeschichte 84 (2002), p. 5.
  11. ↑ Cf. Fried, Johannes: Orality, memory and rule. At the same time as ›De Heinrico‹ mode. In: Political Thought and the Realities of Power in the Middle Ages. Political Thought and the Reality of Power in the Middle Ages. Edited by Joseph Canning and Otto Gerhard Oexle. Göttingen 1998 (publications by the Max Planck Institute for History 147). P. 9.
  12. ^ Fried, Johannes: Orality, memory and rule. At the same time as ›De Heinrico‹ mode. In: Political Thought and the Realities of Power in the Middle Ages. Political Thought and the Reality of Power in the Middle Ages. Edited by Joseph Canning and Otto Gerhard Oexle. Göttingen 1998 (publications by the Max Planck Institute for History 147). P. 9.
  13. ↑ Herweg, Mathias: Ludwigslied, De Heinrico, Annolied. The German poetry of the early Middle Ages as reflected in its scientific reception and research. Wiesbaden 2002 (Imagines medii aevi 13), p. 182.
  14. ↑ See Müller, Stephan: Old High German Literature. An annotated anthology. Old High German / New High German. Old Low German / New High German. Translated, edited and commented by Stephan Müller. Stuttgart 2007 (Reclams Universal Library 18491), p. 307.
  15. ↑ See Schneider, Jens: Heinrich and Otto. An encounter at the turn of the millennium. In: Archiv für Kulturgeschichte 84 (2002), p. 6.
  16. ↑ after: Müller, Stephan: Old High German Literature. An annotated anthology. Old High German / New High German. Old Low German / New High German. Translated, edited and commented by Stephan Müller. Stuttgart 2007 (Reclams Universal Library 18491).
  17. ↑ Müller, Stephan: Old High German Literature. An annotated anthology. Old High German / New High German. Old Low German / New High German. Translated, edited and commented by Stephan Müller. Stuttgart 2007 (Reclams Universal Library 18491), p. 307.