Dendrobium

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Dendrobium
Dendrobium crumenatum

Dendrobium crumenatum

Systematics
Order : Asparagales (Asparagales)
Family : Orchids (orchidaceae)
Subfamily : Epidendroideae
Tribe : Epidendreae
Sub tribus : Dendrobiinae
Genre : Dendrobium
Scientific name
Dendrobium
Sw.

Dendrobium (from Greek  δένδρον dendron , tree 'and βίος bios , life') is an extensive genus from the family of orchids (Orchidaceae), which is about 1,600 mainly tropical species covers. The genus was established in 1799 by the Swedish botanist Olof Peter Swartz . Dendrobium is also the name of a genus of beetles.

Way of life and occurrence

Dendrobia live mainly epiphytically , especially on trees, occasionally also lithophytically (i.e. on rocks). They colonize different habitats on the Southeast Asian mainland, the Philippines , Borneo , Australia , New Guinea and New Zealand . They have adapted there to a wide variety of habitats, ranging from the high elevations of the Himalayas to tropical lowland rainforests, and even encompassing the arid climate of inland Australia.

morphology

The representatives of the genus Dendrobium have a sympodial growth. The club-, spindle- or tube-like pseudobulbs differ greatly in size. The smallest representatives of the genus have shoots of only a few centimeters, while the shoots of the large species can be more than 100 cm long. The mostly oval leaves are alternate. The inflorescences appear both at the edges and at the tips of the previous year's pseudobulbs and are often racemose. It is characterized by a chin formation below the ovary , so that the lateral sepals are often wrong.

Systematics

A list of the almost 1600 recognized species can be found in R. Govaerts.

For the genus Dendrobium Sw. nom. cons. there are the following synonyms : Abaxianthus MAClem. & DLJones , Aclinia Handle. , Amblyanthe Rauschert , Amblyanthus (Schltr.) Brieger nom. illeg., Anisopetala (Kraenzl.) MAClem. , Aporopsis (Schltr.) MAClem. & DLJones , Aporum Blume , Asarum Archila nom. illeg., Australorchis Brieger , Bolbodium Brieger , Bouletia M.A.Clem. & DLJones , Cadetia Gaudich. , Callista Lour. , Cannaeorchis M.A. Clem. & DLJones , Cepobaculum M.A. Clem . & DLJones , Ceraia Lour. , Ceratobium (Lindl.) MAClem. & DLJones , Chromatotriccum M.A. Clem . & DLJones , Coelandria Fitzg. , Conostalix (Kraenzl.) Brieger , Davejonesia M.A. Clem . , Dendrobates M.A. Clem. & DLJones , Dendrocoryne (Lindl.) Brieger , Desmotrichum Blume nom. illegal. You Opus flower , Diplocaulobium (. F Rchb.) Kränzl. , Distichorchis M.A. Clem. & DLJones , Ditulima Raf. , Dockrillia Brieger , Dolichocentrum (Schltr.) Brieger , Durabaculum M.A.Clem. & DLJones , Eleutheroglossum (Schltr.) MAClem. & DLJones , Endeisa Raf. , Ephemerantha P.F. Hunt & Summerh. , Epigeneium Gagnep. , Eriopexis (Schltr.) Brieger , Euphlebium (Kraenzl.) Brieger , Eurycaulis M.A.Clem. & DLJones , Exochanthus M.A. Clem . & DLJones , Flickingeria A.D.Hawkes , Froscula Raf. , Gersinia Néraud , Goldschmidtia Dammer , Grastidium Blume , Herpetophytum (Schltr.) Brieger , Hibiscorchis Archila & Vinc.Bertolini , Inobulbon Schltr. & Kraenzl. , Keranthus Lour. ex Endl. , Kinetochilus (Schltr.) Brieger , Latourea Blume , Latourorchis Brieger , Leioanthum M.A.Clem. & DLJones , Maccraithea M.A. Clem . & DLJones , Macrostomium Blume , Microphytanthe (Schltr.) Brieger , Monanthos (Schltr.) Brieger , Onychium Blume , Ormostema Raf. , Orthoglottis Breda , Oxyglossellum M.A. Clem . & DLJones , Pedilonum Blume , Pierardia Raf. nom. illeg., Sarcocadetia (Schltr.) MAClem. & DLJones , Sayeria Kraenzl. , Schismoceras C.Presl , Stachyobium Rchb. f. , Stelbophyllum D.L. Jones & MAClem. orth. var., Stilbophyllum D.L. Jones & MAClem. , Tetrabaculum M.A.Clem. & DLJones , Tetrodon (Kraenzl.) MAClem. & DLJones , Thelychiton Endl. , Thicuania Raf. , Trachyrhizum (Schltr.) Brieger , Tropilis Raf. , Vappodes M.A. Clem . & DLJones , Winika M.A.Clem., DLJones & Molloy , × Dockrilobium J.MHShaw , × Vappaculum M.A.Clem. & DLJones

use

Hybrid of Dendrobium nobile

Dendrobia are often cultivated as ornamental plants. There are numerous varieties and hybrids that are derived from two species in particular: Dendrobium nobile , which is also suitable for the cooler window sill and winter rest period, as well as Dendrobium bigibbum with a higher need for warmth and without a pronounced rest period.

In addition, dendrobias are also used in Chinese folk medicine, for example to strengthen the intestinal tract or to combat high fever.

Dendrobium sp. is able to remove xylene and toluene from indoor air to some extent .

gallery

  • Dendrobium amabile

  • Dendrobium anosmum

  • Dendrobium antennatum

  • Dendrobium boosii

  • Dendrobium clavator

  • Dendrobium lindleyi

  • Dendrobium macrophyllum

  • Dendrobium nobile

  • Dendrobium purpureum

  • Dendrobium subclausum

  • Dendrobium terminale

  • Dendrobium tangerinum

  • Dendrobium delicatum

  • Dendrobium usitae

  • Dendrobium trilamllatum

  • Dendrobium striolatum

Web links

Commons : Dendrobium  - album with pictures, videos and audio files
Commons : Species list Dendrobium  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Dendrobium. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved July 10, 2018.
  2. ↑ Alec M. Pridgeon, Phillip Cribb, Mark W. Chase, Finn N. Rasmussen: Epidendroideae (Part 3) . In: Genera Orchidacearum . tape 6 . Oxford University Press, Oxford 2014, ISBN 978-0-19-964651-7 , pp. 1–576 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  3. ^ Wolverton, BC (1996) How to Grow Fresh Air . New York: Penguin Books.
  4. ^ Wolverton, BC and JD Wolverton. (1993). Plants and soil microorganisms: removal of formaldehyde, xylene, and ammonia from the indoor environment. Journal of the Mississippi Academy of Sciences 38 (2), 11-15.