Listed building in Niederzeuzheim
Niederzeuzheim , today a district of the small town of Hadamar in Hesse, has a large number of listed buildings.
Traffic structures
Elbbach Bridge
The wide valley of the Elbe stream was provided with this flat, four-arched bridge in 1910, over which the road east of the village center leads to the neighboring town of Oberzeuzheim . The masonry is made up of comparatively small, irregular basalt blocks. The roadway protrudes laterally on consoles over the bridge body. An iron railing delimits the roadway, but is replaced on the land arches by openwork masonry. The semicircular river pillars stand out clearly and are faced with marble upstream.
Salzbach Bridge
The bridge spans the Salzbach southwest of the village center. It was built around 1850 as a quarry stone structure with a single arch. Ashlar stones inserted vertically inside the arch and on the parapet as a so-called "roll layer" form the only building decoration. The path over the bridge opened up the fields on the other side of the stream, but also ensured the connection to the neighboring town of Molsberg and thus the connection to the regional traffic route to Siegen .
railway station
The building was built between 1884 and 1886 during the continuation of the Oberwesterwaldbahn from Hadamar to Westerburg . It is an example of the train station family that can also be found along the route in Frickhofen and Wilsenroth . The walls are as rustication executed from local basalt. The mean risk protrudes only a little. The top floors were constructed from half-timbering. The hipped roof of the southern wing was destroyed by an addition, the other two hipped roofs have been preserved. A goods shed attached to the south was demolished in 2009.
Public buildings
church
Church chancel
Marien side altar of the parish church
Joseph's side altar in the parish church
The building of the Catholic parish church St. Petrus in its present form dates from the year 1737. The first church was probably also built at this point in the 9th century. By the end of the 12th century at the latest, Niederzeuzheim was the center of an extensive parish, to which the much larger Hadamar was assigned at times.
The lower part of the slender church tower of today's complex is from a church building from the 12th century. Pilaster strips and arch friezes decorate its facade. After most of the previous church was demolished in 1726, the Romanesque tower was increased. The door portal and the extremely pointed tower roof also come from this conversion. The sound arcades under the roof come from the previous tower and were rebuilt. The Marienglocke, which was cast in 1447, was also the first church in the village to be used in the previous church. It is still there today.
The nave is shaped by the Baroque in its regional form of the "Hadamar Baroque". It shows many sculptures by the sculptor Martin Volck and was provided with three elaborately designed altars until 1740. The choir is very narrow, the ceiling is designed with a wooden barrel vault.
In contrast to many other places in the area, in Niederzeuzheim the spatial unity of the church and the directly surrounding cemetery has been preserved. Two marble tombstones in the typical 18th century design have been preserved on the church tower. Until well into the 20th century, the church and cemetery were still surrounded by an old enclosure wall and agricultural parish was immediately adjacent.
In addition to its architectural significance, the church is also recognized as a natural monument, as the Great Mouse-eared nursery colony with around 350 females is located in the attic .
Kreuzkapelle
The chapel, built between 1706 and 1711, is based on the model of the Herzenberg chapel in Hadamar. The six-sided main building is vaulted by a hood with a lantern . The vestibule is part of the original structure, but only later received a roof turret . The Kreuzkapelle was built at the instigation of the Franciscan monastery in Hadamar. The Nassau-Hadamar Prince Franz Alexander supported the construction financially and with the foundation of a cross relic . The ecclesiastical political background was the attempted compensation against the Jesuits who had received the Herzenberg Chapel in Hadamar.
Rectory and parish barn
Under the plastering of the rectory, which was applied in the first half of the 19th century, there is half-timbering on the upper floor, which was built in 1748. The walls on the first floor are probably made of rammed earth . The construction of the upper floor of the barn is also recorded in 1748. The framework shows very clear, unadorned forms. The attached round tower comes from the renovation with expansion into a parish hall in 1984. Today's address: Kapellenstrasse 3
primary school
In 1836 the quarry stone building was built as part of the Nassau school building program according to plans by Diezer master builder Haas as a primary school for the town. The architectural decoration is largely limited to the framing of the arched windows and their walls.
Residential houses
Bahnhofstrasse 2
This clinker brick building, which, according to the year on the weather vane, dates from 1904, is an unusually villa-like building for Niederzeuzheim. Contrasting colored and ornamentally walled stones highlight the windows, friezes and cornices of the facade. The corrugated gable of the Zwerchhaus and the conspicuously pointed roofs and the flanking dormers clearly show the influence of Art Nouveau on the design. The wrought iron fence on the basalt terrace wall was constructed with great design effort.
Bornfelsgasse 1
The house of this three-sided courtyard is a typical example of the Westerwald half-timbered style at the beginning of the 18th century with numerous nested semicircular or wavy short struts. The branch on the side facing away from the courtyard is also typical of the Westerwald half-timbered building.
Bridge mill
The mill was built in 1871 after the previous building had burned down. The massive quarry stone walls are loosened up by the wall crown and cornices made of brick as well as plastering on the corners and the windows. In 1921 the facility was completely renovated. It served as an agricultural goods store until the end of the 20th century. After 2000 the former mill was completely renovated and converted into a residential building. Probably numerous other buildings belonged to the mill economy early on. The two entrances offered a separate entrance to the mill and residential wing.
Dreimannsgasse 5
The comparatively simple half-timbered construction from the late 18th century takes on the form of the single house or Streckhof, which is not very common in the region and otherwise no longer preserved in Niederzeuzheim, but with a typical settlement. Originally the building was probably divided into three zones, a fourth was added later.
Dreimannsgasse 14
This barn, which was built around 1800, does not have any architectural decorations. The center bar with its sockets already indicates from the outside that the ceiling bearings could be flexibly converted inside. In contrast to the otherwise dominant frame construction , the barn, like the house at Dreimannsgasse 5, is built as a frame construction.
Kapellenstrasse 1 / Kirchgasse 2
Today the two houses mark the beginning of the old village center on the thoroughfare. They originally belonged to a riding school, with the house at Kirchgasse 2 being the old part . Both buildings date from around 1800. The front building was plastered in 1921. On the still exposed framework, profiled bands adorn the thicker beams.
Kirchgasse 1
This building is one of the last preserved half-timbered courtyards on the southern edge of the old town center. The structure in the style of a Streckhof was probably built at the end of the 18th century and still shows its clear, little decorated half-timbering. Above all, the old window structure has been preserved. The originally two-zone residential building was later expanded.
Kirchgasse 4/6
A smaller half-timbered building from the 18th century was incorporated into this building. The half-timbered structure can still be seen in one half of the upper floor. His man forms and cross forms stand out from under the windows.
Kirchgasse 13
This small-format house from the 18th century has been greatly changed, especially by enlarging the windows. The framework is under plaster. The branch typical of the Westerwald has been preserved. The house is particularly emphasized by its position at the apex of a sweeping street curve.
Kirchgasse 22
This complex from around 1800 is a modest residential building with a small outbuilding. The rather low position of the builders in the village community is reflected in the small size and the very simple framework. Today the building is in a bad state of preservation and is partly ruinous.
Kirchgasse 23
This representative half-timbered building is probably a tithe courtyard, but today it cannot be assigned to any landlord. The beam construction is adorned with numerous curved and tenon shapes. The corner beams are profiled as columns. The Franconian bay window that once existed has not been preserved.
Krämergäßchen 9
This half-timbered building from the 18th century with strikingly strong corner posts as well as concrete headbands and man forms is the last remaining building in the old settlement core on Krämergäßchen. The building served as the residence of a court rider, which the Nassau-Hadamar family of officials, Meuser, held as a church fief.
Obergasse 3
The half-timbered building forms a single courtyard with a former barn that is now part of the neighboring property. The gable stands out due to its two-zone division and a small compartment size. The threshold and frame are decorated with profiles.
Obergasse 7
The brick building from 1903 housed the local grocery store. The corner entrance shaped as a risalit characterizes the entire building. The rest of the architectural decorations on the gables and cornices are rather reserved. An important construction detail is the iron and glass canopy of the living entrance. Until 2014 the building housed a Sparkasse branch. It is currently still used as a commercial location.
Obergassen barn
The building, erected in 1732, is the oldest surviving barn in Niederzeuzheim. The gable hatch bears a sun and the year as a carving. Otherwise, the small-scale framework is largely without jewelry.
Dead end 2
The small courtyard contains a barn and a house from the 18th century. The half-timbered decoration is limited to a few decorative struts and carvings on the frame and threshold.
Schulstrasse 1
The former manor with restaurant stands out due to its size and the elaborate roof construction of the main house: a mansard roof with crooked hips. The half-timbered structure on the upper floor is covered by plaster, other building details destroyed by modernization work. The plant dates from the second half of the 19th century.
Untergasse 16
This large courtyard contains the oldest residential building in Niederzeuzheim: the residential building, which was built around 1550. The framework is adorned with arched struts and a few carved beam heads that still exist. To the left of this is a half-timbered house from the 18th century with two Franconian bay windows and a profiled threshold. The attached branch has been largely changed by later renovations. The barn from 1753 shows only a simple framework.
Untergasse 35
This small stable and barn building is the remainder of a fiefdom of the Limburg Georgsstift . The associated house was transferred to the Christian community Gnadenthal near Bad Camberg in 1986 . The small half-timbered house built around 1700 is valuable because it has practically not been changed since then.
Lower Alley Barn
The free-standing barn shows a very dense, simple framework. Only the lintel is profiled. It was originally part of the southern end of the village center.
Still images
Wayside cross in the Kirchgasse
The wooden cross on the beam is dated to 1782, but should no longer be in its original condition. The extensive carved jewelry with coats of arms highlight the cross beyond the town. The body could be a replica of a medieval figure. Today the cross fits into the ensemble of the newly designed Brunneplatz.
Wayside cross in Schulstrasse
The wayside cross from 1893 imitates models from the 18th century. The Christ corpus convinces with its high anatomical correctness.
Web links
- List of cultural monuments in Hadamar # Niederzeuzheim - with database links to the State Office for Monument Preservation
literature
- State Office for Monument Preservation Hesse: Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany, cultural monuments in Hesse, Limburg-Weilburg district I, 1994. pp. 328–339.