Frickhofen

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Frickhofen
Dornburg municipality
Coat of arms of the former municipality of Frickhofen, later adopted by Dornburg
Coordinates: 50 ° 30 ′ 20 ″  N , 8 ° 1 ′ 30 ″  E
Height : 210 m above sea level NHN
Area : 8.23 km²
Residents : 2868  (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 348 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st February 1971
Postal code : 65599
Area code : 06436

Frickhofen is the largest district and the administrative seat of the Dornburg municipality in the Limburg-Weilburg district in central Hesse .

geography

location

Frickhofen is located in the northwest of the Limburg basin and on the eastern edge of the Westerwald . The Frickhofen district is roughly trapezoidal and spreads to the north, with a point protruding to the northwest. The district borders in the north on the area of Wilsenroth and then clockwise on Langendernbach , in the east on the Elbe valley districts Elbgrund , Dorchheim and Heuchelheim , in the south and west on the neighboring Dornburg towns of Thalheim and Dorndorf and in the north-west with a short section on Berzhahn and thus to the state border with Rhineland-Palatinate .

The district area rises to the north towards the Blasiusberg and the Dornburg . The place itself extends on this slope from 210 to 270 meters in height. The highest point is the Blasiusberg northwest of the town at around 420 meters. To the northeast is the Dornburg at 396 meters above sea level. The lowest point is to the south of the village at around 190 meters high. In the east the Elbbach flows in the area of ​​the municipality Elbtal. The terrain slopes down towards this body of water. Numerous other streams flow through the Frickhofen district in a north-south direction.

The Frickhofen district is in the high elevations in the north and especially in the northwest of dense mixed forest . The forest covers 25.1 percent of the municipal area, 42 percent is neither used for agriculture nor forestry, the rest is used for agriculture, especially as permanent grassland (17.6 percent of the area, as of 2008) and grain fields (12.4 percent). To the northwest of the residential area of ​​the place is an industrial park. Frickhofen is on the Limburg – Altenkirchen railway line and has one stop .

Eternal ice

At the foot of the Dornburg is the "Eternal Ice", a natural phenomenon discovered in 1839, in which geological features ensure that the temperature in a cave is constantly below freezing point.

history

The Blasius Chapel on the Blasiusberg north of the village

The Dornburg oppidum is the remains of a circular rampart from the La Tène period (5th to 1st century BC). In it was a city-like Celtic settlement. There was probably a pagan cult site on the Blasiusberg. The first documentary mention of Frickhofen dates back to 809.

Politically, Frickhofen belonged to the Niederlahngau of the Konradines until at least 966, to the County of Diez at the latest in 1053, and from 1337 to the House of Nassau for the first time . This was followed by times of changing or divided ownership in the network of the Ellar rule , in which, among other things, the County of Katzenelnbogen , the Landgraviate of Hesse and various lines of the branching House of Nassau were sovereigns. From 1717 a stable Nassau sovereignty existed, albeit in changing lines of the house, in which Frickhofen was assigned to the Mengerskirchen office , later to the Hadamar office and from 1790 to the new Ellar office. After the Napoleonic period in the Grand Duchy of Berg and from 1809 as the seat of a Mairie , Frickhofen was transferred to the Duchy of Nassau in 1813 and to Prussia in 1866 . Frickhofen initially belonged to a judicial district, which had its center on the Blasiusberg, later the respective offices were usually also court seats.

Until 1743 the Blasius Chapel was the parish church for Frickhofen and ten other villages in the area. In the village itself there is evidence of a chapel on the site of today's church for the 15th century.

In 1739 a town hall was built, which later also served as a school house. In 1968 it was dismantled for road construction, temporarily stored in Weilburg Castle and rebuilt eight years later in the Hessenpark open-air museum near Neu-Anspach.

In the pauperism of the early 19th century in particular , many of the people of Frickhofen made their living as peddlers and migrant workers , like other western forests. The joking name "Frickhöfer Kochlöffel" for the inhabitants, which refers to the main product of the place, comes from this time. There is evidence of people from Frickhofen who came to France, Switzerland and Russia as peddlers.

As the first modern social facility in the village, a health support association was founded in 1872, the volunteer fire brigade in 1895 and the association “Traveling Nassau Traders” in 1900, which saw itself as an advocacy and social facility for traveling traders from Frickhofen and the surrounding area. In 1886 the first railway on the Westerwald line stopped in town. As in the neighboring villages, the traffic connection was followed by a modest economic upswing. In 1906, two quarry companies received a permit to mine basalt in the Frickhofen district. Shortly after 1900, the first street lighting with kerosene lamps and the drinking water supply were installed. The original village center extended along today's Egenolfstraße as well as the main street and less parallel streets. A major expansion took place in the 20th century, initially with the extension of these streets (including today's Bahnhofstrasse) and, in particular, after the Second World War with the construction of Friedenstrasse, which extended the old town center to the south-west. The following new development areas, however, then essentially led to an expansion to the north, while commercial areas were developed essentially in the east and north of the residential development.

In 1905 a sister house for the poor maidservants of Jesus Christ was built , which was expanded shortly afterwards to include a kindergarten. In 1910 the new cemetery was inaugurated.

During the “ Third Reich ” in 1942 alone, twelve Jewish residents were abducted and murdered.

In 1969 the center school “St. Blasius ”opened in Frickhofen.

On the occasion of the regional reform in Hesse , the municipality of Frickhofen merged with Dorndorf and Wilsenroth on February 1, 1971 to form the new municipality of Dornburg.

  • Former sister's house, now a Catholic public library

  • Former town hall and school building, built around 1750. Today in the Hessenpark open-air museum .

  • School room in the former council and school building

  • Town hall of Frickhofen (left) from 1907

  • Center School St. Blaise

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Frickhofen was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

population

Population development

Frickhofen: Population from 1834 to 1970
year     Residents
1834
  
 1.101
1840
  
 1,209
1846
  
 1,330
1852
  
 1,384
1858
  
 1,374
1864
  
 1,434
1871
  
 1,305
1875
  
 1,519
1885
  
 1,395
1895
  
 1,369
1905
  
 1,448
1910
  
 1,473
1925
  
 1,642
1939
  
 1,805
1946
  
 2,430
1950
  
 2,415
1956
  
 2,295
1961
  
 2,436
1967
  
 2,460
1970
  
 2,568
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Other sources:

In 1889 Frickhofen had 266 households and 1,395 inhabitants. In 1950 there were 180 farms, in 2008 only two.

Religious affiliation

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1885: 008 Protestant (= 0.57%), 1359 (= 97.42%) Catholic and 28 Jewish (= 2.01%) residents
• 1961: 120 Protestant (= 4.93%) and 2302 (= 94.50%) Catholic residents

coat of arms

On October 11, 1965, the municipality of Frickhofen in what was then the district of Limburg , administrative district of Wiesbaden , was awarded a coat of arms with the following blazon : shield split by a curly silver tip, a red and blue-armored lion in front in gold, and a gold, red-armored lion in blue at the back Lion. This description of the coat of arms corresponds to the current coat of arms of Dornburg.

Infrastructure

The Würges volunteer fire brigade (founded in 1895), with a youth fire brigade since April 15, 1972, provides defensive fire protection and general help.

Culture and sights

societies

Community center

Frickhofen has a local group of the German Red Cross , the Frickhofen Volunteer Fire Brigade founded in 1895 (since April 15, 1972 with youth fire brigade), the dance sport group "Tanzcorps Rot-Weiße Funken" (multiple German champions ), the carnival clubs "Narrische Frickhöfer" "and" Die Kochlöffel "(Carnival Association), a gymnastics club, a Catholic women's community, a church choir, a small animal breeding association, a culture and history association, the men's choir" Eintracht ", the music corps" Blau-Orange ", the theater club" Frigga ”, the Grün-Weiß tennis club, a gymnastics and sports club, a local VdK group and a traffic and beautification club. Dornburg is also the seat of the Limburg-Dornburg Westerwald branch club .

Buildings

  • Parish Church of St. Martin

  • Interior of the parish church

  • High altar of the parish church

  • Church tower of the parish church

  • Town hall of the Dornburg community

  • Station in 2009 (track side)

  • Rear of the station after the renovation

  • Bahnhofstrasse 34

  • Egenolfstrasse 4

  • Egenolfstrasse 6

  • Egenolfstrasse 18

  • Rectory

  • Baroque portal of the rectory

  • Egenolfstrasse 32

  • Back alley 10

  • Field cross at the Berghof

Blaise Chapel

See main article Blasiuskapelle (Dornburg) .

Parish Church of St. Martin

The Catholic parish church of St. Martin was built from 1722 to 1732 on the site of a chapel from the 15th century and consecrated on July 5, 1732 by Trier Auxiliary Bishop Lothar Friedrich von Nalbach. It is possible that parts of the west tower still in existence today originate from the previous building. The current church was a baroque hall building that underwent several alterations in the following centuries. The high altar, side altars and pulpit come from the Hadamar Baroque school of sculpture and were probably created by its most important representative, Martin Volck. The two confessionals date from 1739, the Lahn marble font from 1653. In 1955 the old church tower was connected to the rebuilt nave. The planning architect was Paul Johannbroer from Wiesbaden. In addition to the old tower with its pointed helmet, he only left the baroque choir room to exist and rebuilt the rest of the nave in a rotunda style typical for sacred buildings of the 1950s. A stained glass window in the outer wall of the tower shows the painful Mother of God and bears the names of the 119 fallen from the parish of the Second World War. Later, the master carpenter Georg Staudt from Frickhofen created a folk altar, an ambo and a way of the cross , which were modeled on the baroque church furnishings .

town hall

Today's town hall of the Dornburg community was built as a schoolhouse in 1886, mainly from regionally mined basalt tuff. The lighter-colored decorative zones are made of travertine , which has numerous enclosed shell fossils. Staggered windows, arched and stair friezes and pilaster strips are made of this stone. Another new building followed in 1912. In 1930, the municipal administration moved to the 1886 schoolhouse. After the Dornburg community was founded in 1971, the former school became the town hall for the entire community. Address: Egenolfstraße 26

Station building

This station shows the typical design of the buildings from the extension of the Limburg – Altenkirchen railway line from 1884 to 1886 between classicism and Heimatstil . Basalt tuff from the region was processed into visible masonry, as with most of the other buildings along the route. The main house stands out clearly from the lower transverse wings, with the north wing already underwent a significant renovation in the 20th century. An attached storage shed shows design elements of the framework. After the station building was largely no longer used for its original purpose at the end of the 20th century, it began to deteriorate. In 2013/14 it was acquired by a private investor together with the construction of a hypermarket in the immediate vicinity, renovated and converted into a commercial and practice building. Address: Bahnhofstrasse 37

Bahnhofstrasse 34

This small-format but villa-like residential building dates from around 1900. The vertically laid out, strictly rectangular and vertically structured half-timbering on the upper floors is characteristic of the use of half-timbered technology in Art Nouveau . In addition, the facade is mainly structured by the alternation of clinker brick surfaces with white plaster. Special features are the elaborately designed front door and the deep, sloping window sills covered with shingles. Another important design element is the iron mesh fence crowned with flame tips on the surrounding basalt wall.

Egenolfstrasse 4

The half-timbered construction of this building from the 18th century can no longer be seen under the plaster. Other recent renovations only reveal the original function from the position of the former stable and apartment door and the small windows: it was originally a single-house farmstead in the immediate vicinity of the church.

Egenolfstrasse 6

This residential building from the middle of the 18th century presents the two separately built half-timbered zones on the upper floor thanks to its eaves facing the street. The right section shows the remains of a Franconian bay window and grapevine carvings on some posts.

Egenolfstrasse 7

This building was demolished around 2010. It was the former rectory and, according to local tradition, the oldest surviving residential building in town. The framework of the building, which was clearly divided into two zones, was largely unadorned except for a groove profile on the threshold of one of the two parts of the building. Significant changes from the 19th and 20th centuries were evident.

Egenolfstrasse 18

From this two-zone half-timbered house, only one eaves side has been preserved. The rest of the building was replaced with a massive construction. The wall that still exists, however, is very skillfully executed. Fine carvings in the form of festoons and palmettes mainly adorn a Franconian bay window, the old threefold window structure, however, was destroyed by renovations. In addition, carved corner pillars and curved and grooved struts characterize the wall. The framework is dated to 1732. However, this should be the date of a revision. Today's color version is much more recent.

Egenolfstrasse 24

The former rectory is the largest half-timbered building still in existence in Frickhofen today. However, the construction is now hidden under plaster. In 1930, two massive side wings were added without the roof ridge being extended. The visible consequences are the roof ridges, which are unusually far outward. An important construction detail is the ornate baroque portal with inlaid work in the door panels and twisted Solomonic columns as flanking. According to a plaque in the lintel, the house was built in 1781 for the Hadamar pastor Martin Thuringian. The barn that originally belonged to it no longer exists today.

Egenolfstrasse 32

This residential building is the only one in the village that still shows the typical features of a Westerwald single house, each with a branch on a gable and an eaves side. The large-format half-timbered building, which is now completely plastered, was built in the 18th century on the northern edge of the old village center. The barn door is also still there and is used as a front door.

Back alley 10

At this point, a small segment of what was originally a larger half-timbered building from the 17th century has been preserved. The very wide beams and struts are striking. The thresholds and frames are very narrow in comparison. Around 2010 the truss and the massive stone building on the right were completely modernized. In addition, ancillary buildings and a larger extension were built, which expanded the existing structure on the right and on the side facing away from the street. On this occasion, a more recent barn was demolished, which was attached to the left of the half-timbered building and also contained individual half-timbered beams.

Crucifix at the Berghof

This wooden cross, which was privately donated and erected between 1910 and 1908, stands on the footpath to the Blasius Chapel. The large oak body of Christ takes up naturalistic models from the Baroque era.

Web links

Commons : Frickhofen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Frickhofen, Limburg-Weilburg district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of October 16, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ Numbers and facts . In: Internet presence. Dornburg municipality, accessed on April 24, 2020 .
  3. ^ Municipal reform: mergers and integration of municipalities from January 20, 1971 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1971 No. 6 , p. 248 , para. 13 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 6.2 MB ]).
  4. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 369 .
  5. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  6. ^ Approval of a coat of arms and a flag for the municipality of Frickhofen, Limburg district, Wiesbaden administrative district from October 11, 1965 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1965 no. 43 , p. 1243 , point 1035 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 2.8 MB ]).