Arched frieze
The arched frieze (mostly round arched frieze ; rarely pointed arch frieze ) is an ornament in architecture and is considered a typical medieval appearance of the frieze . It consists of semicircular arcs lined up next to one another, the legs of which can rest on small consoles . This frieze strip mostly served as the upper end (of a section) of the outer wall or to liven up and structure the facade and was regularly combined with pilaster strips .
History and dissemination
Forerunners of the arched friezes can be found in Byzantine architecture (e.g. in the rows of blind arches at the mausoleum of Galla Placidia in Ravenna , northern Italy ), in which ancient Roman architecture lived on.
These suggestions were taken up by the Lombards who had settled in Italy during the migration . Arched friezes are one of the defining features of the Lombard architectural style , which the Spanish, French or English names ( banda lombarda , bande lombarde or lombard band ) illustrate to this day.
From northern Italy, the use of arched friezes has spread to western and central Europe, especially in Romanesque and Gothic architecture - possibly stimulated by pilgrims who had come to appreciate this form of architecture in northern Italy on their trips to Rome. Arch friezes play a very important role in the Romanesque architecture of Catalonia , where they were first used in 1011 after Abbot Oliba's trip to Italy .
They are rather rare in Gothic architecture; later they disappear completely, only to flourish again in the neo-Romanesque and neo-Gothic architecture of historicism in the 19th century.
Tower and apse of Saint-Martin-du-Canigou , Roussillon (around 1010)
Tower of the abbey church of Pomposa , Northern Italy (around 1060)
Tower of the Cathedral of Uzès , Provence (around 1100)
Tower and apse of Sant Climent de Taüll , Catalonia (around 1120)
literature
- Günther Binding : Architectural Form Theory. Darmstadt 1999, ISBN 3-89678-105-7 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon, Volume 7. Leipzig 1907, pp. 146–147.