The farmer sends out the joker
The farmer sends the Jockel aus is a traditional German ballad , which is assigned to the literary genre of counting history and circulates in countless variants. The author is unknown. An early print proof for the poem appeared in Vienna in 1609.
The ballad
The farmer sends the Jockel:
he should cut the oats.
Jockel doesn't
want to cut oats and prefers to stay at home.
The farmer sends the farmhand out:
he should fetch the jock.
Servant, he doesn't want to get Jockel,
Jockel doesn't
want to cut oats, he 'd rather stay at home.
The farmer sends the dog out
to bite the servant.
Dog, he doesn't want to bite the farmhand,
farmhand, he doesn't want to get
Jockel , Jockel doesn't
want to cut oats, would rather stay at home.
The farmer sends out the club:
he should hit the dog.
Stick doesn't want to hit the dog,
dog that wants ...
The farmer sends out fire:
the stick should burn.
Fire doesn't want to burn clubs,
The club wants ...
The farmer sends the water out:
It should put out the fire.
The water doesn't want to put out fire,
fire wants ...
The farmer sends the ox out:
He should drink the water.
The ox doesn't want to drink
water, wants water ...
The farmer sends the butcher out:
he should slaughter the ox.
The butcher doesn't want to slaughter the
ox , the ox wants ...
The farmer sends the vulture out:
He should fetch the butcher.
The vulture doesn't want to fetch butchers,
butchers wants ...
The farmer sends the witch out:
she should banish the vulture.
The witch doesn't want to ban vultures,
vultures want ...
The farmer sends the executioner out:
He should burn the hex
The executioner doesn't want to burn the hex, the
witch wants ...
The farmer sends out the father:
He should kill the executioner.
"Eh, I myself want to be killed, I will burn the hex."
"Eh, I myself want to be burned, I will banish the vultures."
"Eh, I myself wants to ban, I will take the butcher."
"Eh, I myself will fetch,
I want to slaughter the ox. ” “ Before I want to be slaughtered,
I want to drink the water. ” “ Before I want to get drunk, I want to put out the fire. ”
“ Before I want to be put out, I want to Burn the stick. ”
“ Before I want to be burned,
I want to hit the dog. ” “ Before I want to be hit,
I want to bite the servant. ” “ Before I want to be bitten, I want to get the jock. "
" Before I want to be fetched, I want to cut the oats. "
reception
The ballad vom Jockel (also Jäckel, Joggeli, Yockli, Jäger etc.) belongs to the literary genre of counting history and, like most orally transmitted folk songs , circulates in countless variants, which are both formally and in the selection and number of distinguish acting characters. In a widely used variant, Jockel is said to shake pears. The most common versions of the text end with the butcher's refusal, whereupon the farmer goes to create order himself. In a version from Münster sung for the Lambertus Festival, "the Lord ... sends the hunter (!) Out, should throw the pears" . The final of obedience is brought about by the devil, who is supposed to “get them all” .
The ballad was and is used both for declamation and for (sociable) singing, for example by singing it to catchy melodies or adapting it to familiar melodies. (On Pennsylvania Dutch, for example, as "Jockli will net Bierre schiddle" , to be sung to the melody Yankee Doodle .) It inspires (s) scenic, pictorial and other artistic design and owes its continued popularity in Switzerland (as Joggeli ) , for example Children's picture book by Lisa Wenger (1908).
origin
The story of Jockel is obviously back to Chad Gadja , the song of the lamb from the Passover - Haggadah . The "father" in the version published here (an adaptation of the text form in Erk-Böhme) would thus correspond to God, the executioner to Malach hamaweth (angel of death).
It may seem just as interesting as it is speculative that the name "Jockel" is a nickname for Jakob , that is, it also has Jewish roots. The similarity with the English name Yokel for peasant trampling or booby is likely to be coincidental.
Relationships
Related songs in the English-speaking world are The House that Jack Built and I know an old Lady who swallowed a Fly , in Italian the ballad "Alla fiera dell'Est" by Angelo Branduardi .
Illustrations
- Theodor Fontane (text), Marlene Reidel (pictures): The farmer sends the joker . Sellier-Verlag, Eching near Munich 1988, ISBN 3-8221-1654-8 .
- Hilde Hoffmann: The gentleman who sends the Jockel out to cut the oats. According to old German nursery rhymes . Stalling-Verl, Oldenburg 1964 (Stalling-Künstlerbilderbuich; 145).
- Julian Jusim: The Lord who sends the Jockel . Hanser Verlag, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-446-18557-7 .
- Lisa Wenger : Joggeli should ga Birli shake. A picture book with text . Cosmos-Verlag, Muri-Bern 2008, ISBN 978-3-305-00234-4 (reprint of the Bern 1908 edition).
Individual evidence
- ^ Albert Buffington (ed.): Pennsylvania German Secular Folksongs. Breinigsville, Pennsylvania German Society 1974
- ↑ Text variant according to the website of the singer-songwriter and -Sammlers Holger Saarmann
- ^ "Song text in the Westphalian People's Archiev of the Regional Association of Westphalia-Lippe"
- ↑ Günter Hartung: "... touches the foundation of the German nationality as well as the Jewish one". About Jews and “Des Knaben Wunderhorn”. In: ders .: Jews and German literature. Leipziger Universitätsverlag, Leipzig 2006, ISBN 3-86583-020-X , p. 437–460, here: p. 455 ( limited preview in Google book search).
- ↑ Ludwig Erk , Franz Magnus Böhme : Deutscher Liederhort , Volume 3. Breitkopf & Härtel, Leipzig 1894, p. 530 f. ( Digitized version ).