German women's organization
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The Deutsche Frauenwerk (DFW) was a National Socialist women's association that was created in October 1933 . In addition to the National Socialist women's association, it served as a collecting basin for the members of the uniform women's associations of the Weimar Republic. These included nationalist and conservative-oriented women's associations such as the Bund Queen Luise , Evangelical Women's Work , the Sisterhood of the German Red Cross and the Reich Association of German Housewives .
As a registered association with its own assets, the DFW was formally not subject to the NSDAP , but it was affiliated to the party as a “supervised association”. DFW and the National Socialist Women's Association, which is directly subordinate to the NSDAP, were closely related organizations in terms of personnel, because the Reichsfrauenführer Gertrud Scholtz-Klink was at the head of both organizations. Around 1.7 million women were organized in the DFW, around 2.3 million in the Nazi women's group. The "Reich Mothers Service", jointly supported by both organizations, achieved the greatest broad impact and temporarily resided in the Essener Hof in Essen. He organized so-called “mother training courses” across the country, which were attended by 1.14 million women in 54,000 courses from 1934 to 1937 alone. In the area of child-rearing the teaching basis was the widespread book The German Mother and Her First Child by Johanna Haarer , an extreme example of educational abuse.
From 1935 to 1941 the Leipzig publishing house Otto Beyer published the series “Frauenkultur im Deutschen Frauenwerk” (edition 1939: 23,500 copies).
With the Control Council Act No. 2 of October 10, 1945, the German Women's Work was banned by the Allied Control Council and its property was confiscated.
See also
literature
- Wolfgang Benz , Hermann Graml and Hermann Weiß (eds.): Encyclopedia of National Socialism , Munich 1997.
- Jürgen Schiedeck: Mothers' training in National Socialism. in Zs. Theory and Practice of Social Work, 40th year 1989, pp. 344–353.
- Stefan Schnurr: Social pedagogues in National Socialism. A case study on the socio-educational movement in the transition to the Nazi state. Juventa, Weinheim 1997, ISBN 3-7799-1205-8 .
- Women's group fascism research: mother cross and workbook. On the history of women in the Weimar Republic and under National Socialism. Fischer TB, Frankfurt 1981, 1988, ISBN 3-596-23718-1 .
- in particular Susanna Dammer: children, kitchen, war work. The training of women by the Nazi women's group. Pp. 215–245 (very detailed, also about the organizational context).
- Gabriele Czarnowski: Family Policy as Gender Policy. in: Johanna Geyer-Kordesch & Annette Kuhn Ed .: Women's bodies, medicine, sexuality. On the way to a new sexual morality. Patmos, Düsseldorf 1986 & 1989, ISBN 3-590-18040-4 .
- again in: Hans-Uwe Otto & Heinz Sünker Eds .: Social Work and Fascism. Suhrkamp, Frankfurt 1989 ISBN 3-518-28362-6 (on NS mothers' training).
