Diaporthales

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Diaporthales
Apiognomonia errabunda on a leaf

Apiognomonia errabunda on a leaf

Systematics
Sub-kingdom : Dikarya
Department : Ascomycota mushrooms
Subdivision : Real ascent mushrooms (Pezizomycotina)
Class : Sordariomycetes
Subclass : Sordariomycetidae
Order : Diaporthales
Scientific name
Diaporthales
Nannf.

The Diaporthales are an order of the sac fungi . The species are mainly associated with plants. Examples are the chestnut crustacean ( Cryphonectria parasitica ) or the anthracnose of the dogwood Discula destructiva .

features

The order is marked by black perithecia . These can stand together in several and be embedded in a stroma or directly in the substrate. True paraphyses are missing at maturity . The unitunicate asci are free at maturity and often have a conspicuous apical ring. The ascospores can be colorless to black, ellipsoidal to elongated, simple to multiple septates .

The known anamorphs are Coelomycetes , like Cytospora in Teleomorph Valsa , Phomopsis in Diaporthe . The pycnidia are formed phialidically. Often the pycnidia are formed on the same stroma as the fruiting bodies .

ecology

In addition to many saprobionts, there are also some parasites, such as chestnut crab , oak leaf tan ( Apiognomia quercina ), plane tree leaf tan ( Apiognomia veneta ) or ash anthracnose ( Gnomoniella fraxinii ). Various Cytospora species, the anamorphs of the genus Valsa , cause diseases in eucalyptus .

Systematics

The diaporthales are a monophyletic unit well supported by research . They include 94 genera with over 500 species. The following families are included in the order (with selected genera and species):

The Togniniaceae family , which had meanwhile been assigned to the Diaporthales, was now put into its own order.

supporting documents

literature

  • Ning Zhang et al .: An overview of the systematics of the Sordariomycetes based on a four-gene phylogeny . In: Mycologia , Volume 98, 2006, pp. 1076-1087.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b c Rossman, AY, Farr, DF, Castlebury, LA 2007. A review of the phylogeny and biology of the Diaporthales. Mycoscience 48: 135-144.
  2. ↑ Adams, GC, Wingfield, MJ, Common, MJ, Roux, J., 2005. Phylogenetic relationships and morphology of Cytospora species and related teleomorphs (Ascomycota Diaporthales, Valsaceae) from Eucalyptus . Stud. Mycol. 52: 1-147.
  3. ↑ a b Sajeewa SN Maharachchikumbura, Kevin D. Hyde, EB Gareth Jones, Eric HC McKenzie, Shi-Ke Huang, Mohamed A. Abdel-Wahab, Dinushani A. Daranagama, Monika Dayarathne, Melvina J. D'souza, Ishani D. Goonasekara, Sinang Hongsanan, Ruvishika S. Jayawardena, Paul M. Kirk, Sirinapa Konta, Jian-Kui Liu, Zuo-Yi Liu, Chada Norphanphoun, Ka-Lai Pang, Rekhani H. Perera, Indunil C. Senanayake, Qiuju Shang, Belle Damodara Shenoy, Yuanpin Xiao, Ali H. Bahkali, Jichuan Kang, Sayanh Somrothipol, Satinee Suetrong, Tingchi Wen, Jianchu Xu: Towards a natural classification and backbone tree for Sordariomycetes . In: Fungal Diversity . tape 72 , 2015, p. 199-301 , doi : 10.1007 / s13225-015-0331-z .
  4. ↑ Zhuo Du, Kevin D. Hyde, Qin Yang, Ying-Mei Liang and Cheng-Ming Tian. 2017. Melansporellaceae: A Novel Family of Diaporthales (Ascomycota). Zootaxa . 305 (3); 191-200. DOI: 10.11646 / phytotaxa.305.3.6
  5. ↑ Mostert, L., Groenwald, JZ, Summerbell, RC, Gams, W., Crous, PW, 2006. Taxonomy and pathology of Togninia (Diaporthales) and its Phaeoacremonium anamorphs. Stud. Mycol. 54: 1-115.

Web links

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