St. Marien Cathedral (Fürstenwalde)

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St. Mary
Cathedral and former bishop's palace around 1880

The St. Marien Cathedral at Domplatz 10 is a Protestant church in Fürstenwalde / Spree in the state of Brandenburg . The previous church was built in the 13th or 14th century as a Catholic church. The current cathedral dates from the middle of the 15th century and became Protestant after the Reformation . In the following centuries it underwent several changes.

The Mariendom forms a parish in the Evangelical Church of Berlin-Brandenburg-Silesian Upper Lusatia with the Protestant parishes of Hangelsberg, Beerfelde, Heinersdorf, Demnitz and Berkenbrück and their subsidiary churches .

history

Until the end of World War II

There is evidence that the town church of St. Marien in Fürstenwalde (Spree) has been the seat of the bishops of the Lebus diocese since papal confirmation in 1385 . The bishops have been buried here since then.

In 1432 the town church was largely destroyed by the Hussites , so that - beginning in 1446 - a new cathedral was built. In 1528 the robber baron Nickel von Minckwitz and his troops looted the cathedral. In 1555, Bishop Johann VIII Horneburg, the last Catholic bishop of Lebus, died . On April 12, 1557, the first Protestant service took place in this cathedral in the presence of Elector Joachim II and his brother Hans von Küstrin as Margrave of Neumark.

In 1771 the former Gothic church was radically baroque . The vaulted ceiling, the cathedral cladding, the tower and the exhibits were completely redesigned.

In the years from 1908 to 1910 the cathedral was repaired again and the baroque church was rebuilt into a Gothic one. There was a gallery at that time. In 1910, the glass painting workshop Rudolf and Otto Linnemann created a window depicting Christ with Maria and Martha and a window with ornamental painting.

Pulpit altar, in the cathedral until 1945

The building was almost completely destroyed at the end of the Second World War , in the week of April 16-23, 1945. The vault and valuable parts of the furnishings such as the pulpit altar were destroyed.

After the Second World War

The Protestant St. Marien cathedral parish largely rebuilt the cathedral until the 1970s. After the restoration of the exterior, the interior of the building was redesigned, for which the Dombauhütte was founded in 1988. In the same year, the partial reconstruction of the interior of the cathedral began, which, in contrast to the one in the Berlin cathedral , was not completely restored to its old form. This followed plans from the 1980s, which provided for the destruction to be partially visible as a reminder of the war. For example, the bombed vaults were replaced by a flat ceiling. The cathedral parish set up its community center in the cathedral. After the fall of the Wall , more money was available for further reconstruction work, and the work was completed on October 31, 1995 with a celebration. On October 31, 2005 , Bishop Huber consecrated the organ created by the A. Schuke company .

Furnishing

Structural matters

Interior view of the rebuilt cathedral: view of the altar and the sacrament house

The main building is a three-aisled cathedral church made of exposed bricks, with a wood-paneled interior vault. During the construction of the second church, some unhewn field stones from the first building were apparently reused, recognizable by the apse and the side walls outside and inside. The asymmetrically arranged support pillars have a hexagonal cross-section. In the west of the nave, three galleries rise up like a staircase and offset one above the other towards the west tower . This is 68 m high and provided with white exterior plaster. Two half-high stair towers are added to the right and left of it.

Sacrament house

Noteworthy pieces of equipment are a free-standing, twelve-meter-high filigree sacrament house made of sandstone, dated to the year 1517 and marked with the signature "FHM", as well as the tomb of Bishop Dietrich von Bülow , which was created after his death in 1523, bearing the same signature . The assumption that both works were created by the Freiberg sculptor Franz Maidburg (FHM?) (Around 1480–1533) could not be proven.

altar

The altar , which dominates the choir, is decorated with a plastic picture of Jesus, framed like a temple with stone pillars and an arcade. It comes from the former monks' church in Jüterbog. Six achromatic windows allow daylight to enter the choir. On the altar table there are modern metal candlesticks, next to it on the floor a similar Easter candlestick .

Organs

Prospectus of the Schuke organ

In 1576 two organs of the cathedral fell victim to a city fire. The organ builder Martin Grabow built a new plant from 1590 to 1592, which existed until the renovation of the cathedral in 1756.

The Neuruppin organ builder Gottlieb Scholtze built a new three-manual building with 41 registers in 1772. This existed until 1908, when the W. Sauer company built a new organ (III / 50) behind the historic Scholtze prospectus. The elderly company boss Wilhelm Sauer presented this organ personally at the inauguration in 1910.

The Sauer organ was completely destroyed when the cathedral was destroyed in April 1945.

Sauer built an organ with 17 registers on two manuals and a pedal for the emergency church and a mobile organ with 14 registers for the re-consecrated cathedral in 1995. The "Freundeskreis Domorgel" promoted the project of a new large cathedral organ and its financing. Through a performance by the St. Thomas 'Choir in the cathedral, the cathedral community learned that the organ (III / 47) by Schuke from 1967 was to be sold on the north gallery of St. Thomas' Church in Leipzig . This brought the cathedral organ project forward decisively, because the majority of the pipework (42 registers) and the wind chests go back to this used organ.

Today's large cathedral organ also comes from the workshop of Schuke (formerly in Potsdam , since the beginning of 2004 in Werder / Havel ) . The instrument has been redesigned and given a new body and a new 2,001 in 2000, the gaming table . By 2005 the disposition was expanded to now 64 registers to four manuals and pedal; above all about romantic registers, because the Schuke organ in the Thomaskirche was designed as a supplement to the romantic main organ there, for playing the works of Johann Sebastian Bach and his contemporaries. That is why it was without swell , which was completely rebuilt and added for the organ here in the cathedral. A 32 'foundation was also added. The pedal keyboard and the organ bench are also from St. Thomas. The organ with an open prospect has mechanical key actions and electric stop actions .

I Rückpositiv C – g 3
1. Reed flute 8th' L.
2. Quintadena 8th' L.
3. Principal 4 ′
4th Wooden flute 4 ′ L.
5. Sesquialtera II 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′ L.
6th Octave 2 ′ L.
7th Fifth 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′ L.
8th. Seventh 1 1 ⁄ 7  ′ L.
9. Octave 1' L.
10. Mixture IV-V L.
11. Krummhorn 8th' L.
Tremulant
II Hauptwerk C – g 3
12. Principal 16 ′
13. Drone 16 ′ L.
14th Octave 8th' L.
15th Capstan whistle 8th' L.
16. Viol 8th'
17th Octave 4 ′ L.
18th Pointed flute 4 ′ L.
19th Fifth 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′ L.
20th Octave 2 ′ L.
21st Cornett II-V 8th'
22nd Mixture VI – VII L.
23. Scharff IV L.
24. Trumpet 16 ′ L.
25th Trumpet 8th' L.
III Swell C – g 3
26th Dumped 16 ′
27. Violin principal 8th'
28. Double clad 8th'
29 Unda maris 8th'
30th Salicional 8th'
31. Night horn 4 ′
32. Fugara 4 ′
33. Hollow fifth 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
34. Piccolo 2 ′
35. third 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
36. Fifth 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
37. oboe 8th'
38. Clarine 4 ′
Tremulant
IV substation C – g 3
39. Principal 8th'
40. Dumped 8th' L.
41. Octave 4 ′ L.
42. recorder 4 ′ L.
43. Rohrnassat 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′ L.
44. Octave 2 ′ L.
45. Forest flute 2 ′ L.
46. third 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′ L.
47. Sif flute 1' L.
48. Mixture VI L.
49. Vox humana 8th'
Tremulant
Pedal C – f 1
50. Pedestal 32 ′ partially L
51. Principal 16 ′
52. Sub-bass 16 ′ L.
53. Soft bass (No. 26) 16 ′
54. Fifth 10 2 ⁄ 3  ′ L.
55. Octave bass 8th' L.
56. Pointed flute 8th' L.
57. Octave 4 ′ L.
58. Gemshorn 4 ′ L.
59. Wide octave 2 ′ L.
60. Rauschpfeife III L.
61. Mixture VI L.
62. trombone 16 ′ L.
63. Trumpet 8th' L.
64. Clairon 4 ′ L.
L = register from the instrument of the Thomaskirche; Registers without a further description have been rebuilt
Comment on the register "Untersatz 32": Consists partly of the principal 16 "of the organ of the Thomaskirche

use

The cathedral is primarily used to hold church services. In addition, concerts (including "Organ Music at Market Time", the "International Fürstenwalder Summer Music" [since 2006] and special concerts) and lectures take place there.

Library

The cathedral has a library that goes back to Bishop Dietrich von Bülow , but the old stock that had grown over the centuries was decimated by the effects of the war. It also contains the remains of the von Massow family's estate library from Steinhöfel.

literature

  • Hartmut Krohm, Alexander Binder: The sacrament house in St. Mary's Cathedral in Fürstenwalde. Neuenhagen 2002.
  • Uwe Richter: Franz Maidburg in Freiberg. New archive finds from a Freiberg sculptor from the late Gothic period. In: Mitteilungen des Freiberger Altertumsverein, 101 (2008), pp. 7-25.
  • Yves Hoffmann: Franz Maidburg in Cologne, Mainz and Fürstenwalde? In: Mitteilungen des Freiberg Altertumsverein, 101 (2008), pp. 29–50. ( at academia.edu , accessed on April 14, 2017)

Web links

Commons : Dom St. Marien (Fürstenwalde)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Footnotes

  1. ↑ St. Mariendomgemeinde , accessed on July 17, 2018.
  2. ↑ City chronicle of the Association for Local History and Local History Fürstenwalde / Spree , accessed on October 21, 2018.
  3. ↑ a b c d Organ portrait: The Schuke organ in the Fürstenwalde Cathedral (broadcast in RBB Kultur on November 30, 2019, on December 1, 2019 at https://www.rbb-online.de/rbbkultur/radio/programm/ scheme / broadcasts / rbbkultur_am_ Mittag / archiv / 20191130_1204 / culture_aktuell_1310.html listened to)
  4. ↑ Detail on the St. Mariendom in Fürstenwalde , accessed on July 17, 2018.
  5. ↑ St. Mariendom parish: The Fürstenwalde cathedral. A brief introduction , accessed October 21, 2018.
  6. ↑ Cathedral organ | St. Marien-Domkantorei Fürstenwalde. July 24, 2017, accessed January 5, 2020 .
  7. ↑ Cathedral organ | St. Marien-Domkantorei Fürstenwalde. July 24, 2017, accessed January 5, 2020 .
  8. ↑ Company and family history. In: Orgelbau Alexander Schuke Potsdam. Accessed December 1, 2019 (German).
  9. ↑ More information on the history and disposition of the large Schuke organ , accessed on May 12, 2019.
  10. ↑ Events in Fürstenwalder Dom , accessed on July 17, 2018.

Coordinates: 52 ° 21 '29 "  N , 14 ° 3' 55"  E