Evergreen rock flower

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Evergreen rock flower
Evergreen rockflower (Draba aizoides)

Evergreen rockflower ( Draba aizoides )

Systematics
Eurosiden II
Order : Cruciferous (Brassicales)
Family : Cruciferous vegetables (Brassicaceae)
Tribe : Arabideae
Genre : Rock flowers ( Draba )
Type : Evergreen rock flower
Scientific name
Draba aizoides
L.

The Evergreen Felsenblümchen ( Draba aizoides ) is a plant from the genus of Felsenblümchen ( Draba ) in the family of Brassicaceae (Brassicaceae).

description

Habit and leaves
Habitus, inflorescences and flowers in detail
Illustration from Atlas of Alpine Flora

Vegetative characteristics

The evergreen rock flower is a perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 5 to 10 centimeters. The leaves are up to 2 centimeters long and form dense rosettes. There are no stem leaves.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period in Central Europe ranges from February to August, depending on the location. The racemose inflorescences contain three to twenty flowers. The stalked, hermaphrodite flowers are fourfold. The four petals are initially yellow and often turn whitish later. The petals are about as long as the stamens. The stylus are 1.5 to 3 millimeters long.

The fruit stalks are 5 to 15 millimeters long. The pods are 6 to 13 millimeters long, pointed at the top, mostly bald and rarely sparsely hairy on the edge.

In both subspecies there is diploidy with the chromosome number 2n = 16.

ecology

The evergreen rockflower is an herbaceous Chamaephyte . The evergreen rock flower belongs to the basic stock of the nival flora . It is excellently adapted to extreme locations by its evergreen, leathery leaves. The flowers, which are preformed in autumn, can also overwinter without protection from snow. Self-pollination is also possible in bad weather. Fruits do not ripen until winter, which is why the evergreen rockflower is one of the so-called winter clovers .

Occurrence

The distribution area of Draba aizoides is limited to the mountainous countries of southern and central Europe, from the Pyrenees, the Appennines and the Alps to the Carpathian Mountains with outposts in Belgium and Wales.

The lime-loving plant prefers crevices and rubble up to the alpine level . The occurrences in the colline to montane elevation are ice age relics .

Systematics

The first publication of Draba aizoides was done by Carl von Linné . A synonym for Draba aizoides L. is Draba affinis host .

From Draba aizoides there are two subspecies:

  • Common evergreen rock flower ( Draba aizoides L. subsp. Aizoides ): With a length of only 4 to 6 millimeters, it has smaller petals; their rosette leaves are usually inclined and they bloom from April to July.
  • Pre-alpine evergreen rock flower ( Draba aizoides subsp. Beckeri (A.Kern.) Hörandl & Guterm. , Syn .: Draba beckeri A.Kern. ): With a length of 6 to 8 millimeters, it has larger petals; the rosette leaves are usually spreading and the flowering period extends from February to April. It occurs as a rarity only in Lower Austria, in Styria and in the Little Carpathians of Slovakia.

literature

  • Xaver Finkenzeller: Alpine flowers. Recognize & determine. Mosaik, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-576-11482-3 .
  • Manfred A. Fischer , Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .
  • Jaakko Jalas, Juha Suominen: Atlas florae europaeae. Volume 10 Cruciferae (Sisymbrium to Aubrieta). Helsinki 1994, ISBN 951-9108-09-2 . Draba aizoides on pages 80–81.

Individual evidence

  1. a b c Draba aizoides L., Evergreen rock flower. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  456 .
  3. Jaakko Jalas, Juha Suominen: Atlas florae europaeae. Volume 10 Cruciferae (Sisymbrium to Aubrieta). , Helsinki 1994, ISBN 951-9108-09-2 . Draba aizoides on pages 80–81.

Web links

Commons : Evergreen Rock Flower ( Draba aizoides )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files