Bogie locomotive

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DB locomotive series 113 with two bogies with two sets of driving wheels each
The first single-phase alternating current locomotive MFO Fc 2x2 / 2 2 built in 1905 was already a bogie locomotive.
The BLS Ae 4/4 became the forerunner of the four-axle bogie locomotive that established itself throughout Europe after the Second World War.

A bogie locomotive is a locomotive whose chassis is made up of two or more bogies with the wheelsets stored in them. Locomotives whose wheels are stored together directly in a supporting main frame are called frame locomotives .

Steam locomotives with motor bogies are known as articulated locomotives .

An intermediate step from the frame locomotives to the real bogie locomotives are multi-part locomotives that are constructed like the articulated locomotive. The best-known design of such locomotives is certainly the crocodile . In these intermediate forms, the chassis are still constructed like a frame locomotive, which must also fully absorb the tensile and impact forces, but are already multi-part and articulated with one another via a central part. In most of the bogie locomotives built today, the longitudinal forces only go through the locomotive body, so the pulling and pushing devices are attached to the locomotive body and not to the bogies. Until the 1960s, however, numerous bogie locomotives were built in which the pulling and pushing devices are attached to the bogies, for example the German E 44 , the Austrian 1245 , the Swiss Be 4/4 , RhB Ge 4/4 I and RhB Ge 6/6 II .

Modern bogie locomotives

Electric and diesel locomotives have generally been designed as bogie locomotives without running axles since the 1950s . The bogies, which can be rotated on the frame , also allow longer vehicles to turn easily. The (floor) frame, the side walls and the two end cabs together form a self-supporting box . In particular, shunting and mainline diesel locomotives are also built with a central driver's cab.

Various designs are common in modern bogie locomotives:

  • The majority of modern locomotives have four axles. They have two two-axle motor bogies, each with two sets of drive wheels installed. These machines have the axis sequence B 0 'B 0 ' (or B'B 'for mechanical group drives).
  • The six-axle bogie locomotives come with two three-axle bogies (wheel arrangement C 0 'C 0 ', e.g. DB series 103 ) and with three two-axle bogies (wheel arrangement B 0 'B 0 ' B 0 ', e.g. B. FS E.656 ). The type B 0 'B 0 ' B 0 'is more advantageous for winding roads.
  • Five-axis machines with a three-axis and a two-axis bogie are rare. They have the axis sequence C 0 'B 0 ' or C'B '.

historical development

When the first electric locomotives were built, the designers looked for technical solutions and developed very different designs: in addition to frame and articulated locomotives , bogie locomotives were also designed. Because of the great weight of the electrical equipment, running axles were common with most designs at that time, which should guide the vehicle safely in the curved track. In the early days, the engines in the upper performance range were still so large that they could not be completely accommodated in the bogie, as is common today, but protruded into the engine room. And mostly no single-axle drive has been installed, but a single motor, as with the BLS Ce 6/6, which drives all axles in the bogie frame via a rod drive. The application of the single-axle drive was then limited to the rather inefficient railcars.

In the course of time it was possible to save quite a bit of weight, so that in 1927, the BBÖ 1170, the first bogie locomotive without running axles with single-axle drive in the medium power range could be built. Thanks to a self-supporting welded box using the light metal construction, the first diesel-electric bogie locomotive without running axles SBB Am 4/4 was put into operation shortly before the Second World War . The further development of electric locomotives led to the BLS Ae 4/4 in 1944 , the first four-axle bogie locomotive without running axles in the upper class. The machines based on this concept became the most widespread post-war locomotives in Europe.

Notes and individual references

  1. ↑ English Wikipedia pages British Rail Class 28 and JNR Class DE10
  2. ^ Wolfgang Baumgartner: Diesel traction vehicles at the SBB. In: Swiss Railway Review. 9/1994. Minirex AG, ISSN  1022-7113 , pp. 398-409
  3. ^ Hans-Peter Bärtschi: Electric locomotives from Swiss factories. In: Verkehrshaus der Schweiz (Ed.): Coal, electricity and rails: The railroad conquers Switzerland. Verlag NZZ, Zurich 1998, ISBN 3-85823-715-9 , p. 284

literature

  • Žarko Filipović: Electric railways: basics, locomotives, power supply . Springer-Verlag, 2005, ISBN 3-540-21310-4 .