Third camp

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In Austria, the term third camp traditionally refers to the camp of the German national , German freedom and national liberal electorate. The parties Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ) and Alliance Future Austria (BZÖ) as well as the HC Strache team - Alliance for Austria are assigned to this. The expression is to be understood as a demarcation from the Christian Democratic - bourgeois camp - represented today by the Austrian People's Party (ÖVP) - and the socialist - social democratic camp - represented today by the Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPÖ).

Emergence

The basis of the Third Camp is a direction of political thought that assumes that Austria, after the loss of the non -German-speaking areas after the First World War, would have no right to exist as a separate state vis-à-vis the German Reich . In 1918, the First Republic of Austria was initially founded as German Austria , which was to be connected to the German Empire in the long term. This was widely supported but prohibited by the Entente under the Paris suburb agreements. The main ideological opponent of this school of thought was the Catholic-Conservative Christian Social Party in the 1st Republic and, from 1934, the Austro-Fascist corporate state .

In the 2nd republic

From the National Council election in Austria in 1945 , the first after the end of the war, around 700,000 former Austrian NSDAP members and other people were excluded. These were re-admitted to the 1949 National Council election . At the same time, the national liberal politician Herbert Kraus founded the Association of Independents (VdU). In the election he received 11.7% of the vote. From then on, the term “third camp” was used for the group of German national and national liberal voters, analogous to the camps of the conservative ÖVP and the socialist SPÖ. After the signing of the state treaty in 1955, the FPÖ was founded as the successor organization to the VdU, which has since been able to bind this electorate as regular voters. Since the early 1990s, however, this group of voters has been steadily declining and, according to Fritz Plasser, now only accounts for 3–4% of the population. When the BZÖ was founded in 2005 by the former FPÖ politician and governor of Carinthia Jörg Haider and Ewald Stadler left the FPÖ, the third camp was split. Since Haider's death in 2008 and the regression of the BZÖ to a small party, the FPÖ has again been the main representative of the Third Camp.

Usage today

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Note text

The term is now also used as a self-designation. So Jörg Haider campaigned with the slogan "Why we are more than the third camp ...", announced the FPÖ politician Bernd Lindinger in a speech to the Olympia fraternity that "we ourselves are the third camp", and explained Andreas Mölzer in the magazine Zur Zeit “the third force, the third camp, was in reality the first political camp in Austria”. In 1988, Friedhelm Frischenschlager, then a member of the FPÖ and former Federal Defense Minister, said: “The connection between the Third Camp and National Socialism is a fact. Neither the VDU nor the FPÖ are parties that fell from heaven. "

Walter Sucher wrote in the Burschenschaftliche Blätter (BBl) 4/96 under the title Austria's Third Camp : “Since 1986, this Third Camp and the FPÖ have developed into a political citizens' movement, which today has considerable influence in the country as a popular opposition party. Formative for them - and here only two names are mentioned: Jörg Haider and Rainer Pawkowicz - were and remain fraternity members. "

Third camp media

The magazine Die Aula is closely connected to the Third Camp . In their self-expression, it is 1994, "Here VorDenkarbeit to be done, must - larmoyant those strategic and tactical -, but just yet axioms are formulated with which the third party storage for governing a Third Republic (See Perner can soar.". / Schiedel / Zellhofer 1994, 59; emphasis in the original).

Another medium of the third camp is the weekly newspaper Zur Zeit , which describes itself as “right-wing conservative” and “German national”.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Federal Ministry of the Interior: Results of the National Council election in 1949