By!

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By! was a literary group that gathered German writers of naturalism in the 1880s . The group advocated the modernization of literature and an unadulterated representation of social reality.

history

The group was founded in 1886 by the literary critic Leo Berg , the literary scholar Eugen Wolff and the doctor Konrad Küster . Their weekly meetings in a Berlin pub consisted of lectures, readings and discussions. The group summarized its principles in ten theses, which were published in the magazine for national and international literature on December 18, 1886.

In 1889 the group disintegrated due to programmatic differences.

The group of participants included: B. Karl Bleibtreu , Wilhelm Bölsche , Richard Dehmel , Max Halbe , Heinrich and Julius Hart , Otto Erich Hartleben , Gerhart Hauptmann , Arno Holz , John Henry Mackay , Johannes Schlaf , Bruno Wille and Ernst von Wolzüge .

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